Inevitable Choice for Survival: The Last Ottoman Grand Strategy

Today most scholar in the field, defines the concept of grand strategy as the allocation of a state’s resources to meet its main objectives. In history no exceptions all states had guiding strategy to grow, exist or survive within the international environment. Even though Ottoman Empire like all ot...

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Main Authors: Murat TOMAN, Fikrettin YAVUZ
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hale Şıvgın 2023-12-01
Series:Gazi Akademik Bakış
Subjects:
Online Access:https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/3603593
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author Murat TOMAN
Fikrettin YAVUZ
author_facet Murat TOMAN
Fikrettin YAVUZ
author_sort Murat TOMAN
collection DOAJ
description Today most scholar in the field, defines the concept of grand strategy as the allocation of a state’s resources to meet its main objectives. In history no exceptions all states had guiding strategy to grow, exist or survive within the international environment. Even though Ottoman Empire like all other ones in history, had never used the grand strategy term to define their overall purpose, most empire’s rulers set main objectives, established priorities, allocate resources and followed long term systemic plans in order to establish regional/global supremacy from fourteenth and eighteenth century successfully. However, their political/military/financial supremacy faded away when they were not able to renew the existing grand strategy according to the shifting international environment during the eighteenth century. This study examines the Ottoman’s new revised grand strategy had emerged during the first half of the nineteenth century in order to secure the survival of empire. Within historical context, this paper designed to discuss Mahmud II’s innovative and visionary grand strategic approach in detail. While doing it this study overall linked the centralization, westernization, Ottomanization and the balance of power policy in foreign affairs as the main component of renewed grand strategy. Last but not least this study presents an analysis of the attempt to reshape the empire’s late period grand strategy aim to outmanoeuvre stronger rivals in an anarchic international order shaped by European great powers.
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institution Kabale University
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publishDate 2023-12-01
publisher Hale Şıvgın
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series Gazi Akademik Bakış
spelling doaj-art-5c07270ca613406680798dc3bd5d72332025-02-03T07:52:55ZengHale ŞıvgınGazi Akademik Bakış1307-97781309-51372023-12-011733187206Inevitable Choice for Survival: The Last Ottoman Grand StrategyMurat TOMAN0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4698-7520Fikrettin YAVUZ1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3161-457XHİTİT ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İKTİSADİ VE İDARİ BİLİMLER FAKÜLTESİ, ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLER BÖLÜMÜSAKARYA ÜNİVERSİTESİToday most scholar in the field, defines the concept of grand strategy as the allocation of a state’s resources to meet its main objectives. In history no exceptions all states had guiding strategy to grow, exist or survive within the international environment. Even though Ottoman Empire like all other ones in history, had never used the grand strategy term to define their overall purpose, most empire’s rulers set main objectives, established priorities, allocate resources and followed long term systemic plans in order to establish regional/global supremacy from fourteenth and eighteenth century successfully. However, their political/military/financial supremacy faded away when they were not able to renew the existing grand strategy according to the shifting international environment during the eighteenth century. This study examines the Ottoman’s new revised grand strategy had emerged during the first half of the nineteenth century in order to secure the survival of empire. Within historical context, this paper designed to discuss Mahmud II’s innovative and visionary grand strategic approach in detail. While doing it this study overall linked the centralization, westernization, Ottomanization and the balance of power policy in foreign affairs as the main component of renewed grand strategy. Last but not least this study presents an analysis of the attempt to reshape the empire’s late period grand strategy aim to outmanoeuvre stronger rivals in an anarchic international order shaped by European great powers. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/3603593grand strategybalance of powerottomanismcentralizationmodernizationmahmud ii.
spellingShingle Murat TOMAN
Fikrettin YAVUZ
Inevitable Choice for Survival: The Last Ottoman Grand Strategy
Gazi Akademik Bakış
grand strategy
balance of power
ottomanism
centralization
modernization
mahmud ii.
title Inevitable Choice for Survival: The Last Ottoman Grand Strategy
title_full Inevitable Choice for Survival: The Last Ottoman Grand Strategy
title_fullStr Inevitable Choice for Survival: The Last Ottoman Grand Strategy
title_full_unstemmed Inevitable Choice for Survival: The Last Ottoman Grand Strategy
title_short Inevitable Choice for Survival: The Last Ottoman Grand Strategy
title_sort inevitable choice for survival the last ottoman grand strategy
topic grand strategy
balance of power
ottomanism
centralization
modernization
mahmud ii.
url https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/3603593
work_keys_str_mv AT murattoman inevitablechoiceforsurvivalthelastottomangrandstrategy
AT fikrettinyavuz inevitablechoiceforsurvivalthelastottomangrandstrategy