Short Term Treatment Monitoring of Renal and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Naturally Occurring Leishmaniosis: A Cohort Study of 30 Dogs

Various inflammatory and renal biomarkers have already been assessed for monitoring the response to anti-leishmanial therapy in canine leishmaniosis. This study assessed the parasite load, various inflammatory and renal biomarkers pre- and post-treatment, and any association between the studied vari...

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Main Authors: Valeria Pantaleo, Tommaso Furlanello, Michela Campigli, Laura Ventura, Laia Solano-Gallego
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Veterinary Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/11/11/517
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author Valeria Pantaleo
Tommaso Furlanello
Michela Campigli
Laura Ventura
Laia Solano-Gallego
author_facet Valeria Pantaleo
Tommaso Furlanello
Michela Campigli
Laura Ventura
Laia Solano-Gallego
author_sort Valeria Pantaleo
collection DOAJ
description Various inflammatory and renal biomarkers have already been assessed for monitoring the response to anti-leishmanial therapy in canine leishmaniosis. This study assessed the parasite load, various inflammatory and renal biomarkers pre- and post-treatment, and any association between the studied variables and the degree of disease severity at diagnosis. This is a prospective cohort study of 30 client-owned dogs with leishmaniosis, classified according to LeishVet’s guidelines as stage I (n = 2), stage IIa (n = 7), stage IIb (n = 6), stage III (n = 8), and stage IV (n = 7). In addition to <i>Leishmania</i> real-time PCR in the bone marrow, blood and urine, previously studied biomarkers, and several inflammatory and renal markers never investigated in canine leishmaniosis, such as fibrinogen, antithrombin, urinary fractional excretion of sodium, and urinary amylase-to-creatinine ratio were measured pre- and post-treatment (meglumine antimoniate or miltefosine + allopurinol). A positive <i>Leishmania</i> real-time PCR in the blood at diagnosis predicted a positive <i>Leishmania</i> real-time PCR in the bone marrow post-treatment (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Following treatment, antithrombin and urinary amylase-to-creatinine ratio were significantly changed (<i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Urinary amylase-to-creatinine ratio, total iron-binding capacity, and antithrombin were the variables most strongly associated with disease severity (<i>p</i> < 0.005, respectively). Urinary amylase-to-creatinine ratio can be a useful marker to monitor treatment response and to classify the degree of disease severity.
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spelling doaj-art-5bff071055bc45a4bd50f6ea6d046fa32025-08-20T02:04:44ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812024-10-01111151710.3390/vetsci11110517Short Term Treatment Monitoring of Renal and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Naturally Occurring Leishmaniosis: A Cohort Study of 30 DogsValeria Pantaleo0Tommaso Furlanello1Michela Campigli2Laura Ventura3Laia Solano-Gallego4San Marco Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory, Via dell’Industria 3, 35030 Veggiano, ItalySan Marco Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory, Via dell’Industria 3, 35030 Veggiano, ItalySan Marco Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory, Via dell’Industria 3, 35030 Veggiano, ItalyDepartment of Statistical Science, University of Padua, Via Cesare Battisti 241, 35121 Padua, ItalyDepartament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola de Vallès, SpainVarious inflammatory and renal biomarkers have already been assessed for monitoring the response to anti-leishmanial therapy in canine leishmaniosis. This study assessed the parasite load, various inflammatory and renal biomarkers pre- and post-treatment, and any association between the studied variables and the degree of disease severity at diagnosis. This is a prospective cohort study of 30 client-owned dogs with leishmaniosis, classified according to LeishVet’s guidelines as stage I (n = 2), stage IIa (n = 7), stage IIb (n = 6), stage III (n = 8), and stage IV (n = 7). In addition to <i>Leishmania</i> real-time PCR in the bone marrow, blood and urine, previously studied biomarkers, and several inflammatory and renal markers never investigated in canine leishmaniosis, such as fibrinogen, antithrombin, urinary fractional excretion of sodium, and urinary amylase-to-creatinine ratio were measured pre- and post-treatment (meglumine antimoniate or miltefosine + allopurinol). A positive <i>Leishmania</i> real-time PCR in the blood at diagnosis predicted a positive <i>Leishmania</i> real-time PCR in the bone marrow post-treatment (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Following treatment, antithrombin and urinary amylase-to-creatinine ratio were significantly changed (<i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Urinary amylase-to-creatinine ratio, total iron-binding capacity, and antithrombin were the variables most strongly associated with disease severity (<i>p</i> < 0.005, respectively). Urinary amylase-to-creatinine ratio can be a useful marker to monitor treatment response and to classify the degree of disease severity.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/11/11/517antithrombinC-reactive protein<i>Leishmania infantum</i>severitytotal iron-binding capacityurinary amylase-to-creatinine ratio
spellingShingle Valeria Pantaleo
Tommaso Furlanello
Michela Campigli
Laura Ventura
Laia Solano-Gallego
Short Term Treatment Monitoring of Renal and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Naturally Occurring Leishmaniosis: A Cohort Study of 30 Dogs
Veterinary Sciences
antithrombin
C-reactive protein
<i>Leishmania infantum</i>
severity
total iron-binding capacity
urinary amylase-to-creatinine ratio
title Short Term Treatment Monitoring of Renal and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Naturally Occurring Leishmaniosis: A Cohort Study of 30 Dogs
title_full Short Term Treatment Monitoring of Renal and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Naturally Occurring Leishmaniosis: A Cohort Study of 30 Dogs
title_fullStr Short Term Treatment Monitoring of Renal and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Naturally Occurring Leishmaniosis: A Cohort Study of 30 Dogs
title_full_unstemmed Short Term Treatment Monitoring of Renal and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Naturally Occurring Leishmaniosis: A Cohort Study of 30 Dogs
title_short Short Term Treatment Monitoring of Renal and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Naturally Occurring Leishmaniosis: A Cohort Study of 30 Dogs
title_sort short term treatment monitoring of renal and inflammatory biomarkers with naturally occurring leishmaniosis a cohort study of 30 dogs
topic antithrombin
C-reactive protein
<i>Leishmania infantum</i>
severity
total iron-binding capacity
urinary amylase-to-creatinine ratio
url https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/11/11/517
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