Optimizing pyrolysis temperature of contaminated rice straw biochar: Heavy metal(loid) deportment, properties evolution, and Pb adsorption/immobilization

Pyrolysis of rice straw (RS), a popular method for producing biochar, effectively treats heavy metal(loid)-contaminated RS. Here, we carried out this process at different temperatures and investigated the deportment of heavy metal(loid)s and the property evolution of biochars. Also, the optimal pyro...

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Main Authors: Zhi Xu, Yulian Hu, Zhaohui Guo, Xiyuan Xiao, Chi Peng, Peng Zeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2022-03-01
Series:Journal of Saudi Chemical Society
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319610322000217
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author Zhi Xu
Yulian Hu
Zhaohui Guo
Xiyuan Xiao
Chi Peng
Peng Zeng
author_facet Zhi Xu
Yulian Hu
Zhaohui Guo
Xiyuan Xiao
Chi Peng
Peng Zeng
author_sort Zhi Xu
collection DOAJ
description Pyrolysis of rice straw (RS), a popular method for producing biochar, effectively treats heavy metal(loid)-contaminated RS. Here, we carried out this process at different temperatures and investigated the deportment of heavy metal(loid)s and the property evolution of biochars. Also, the optimal pyrolysis temperature for Pb adsorption and immobilization was studied. We observed that increasing the temperature could volatilize the heavy metal(loid)s. Cd was the most volatile metal therein, followed by As, while Ni, Cu, and Pb were relatively refractory. More than 75% of the remaining heavy metal(loid)s were non-exchangeable fractions at 700 °C, significantly reducing the environmental risk during subsequent application. Meanwhile, higher pyrolysis temperature resulted in higher pH values, higher surface areas, and stronger Pb adsorption capacity of RS biochars. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) of biochars was in the order of BC300 (77.2 mg·g−1) < BC500 (137.2 mg·g−1) < BC700 (222.6 mg·g−1). Besides, high-temperature biochar could significantly reduce the vertical Pb migration. And BC700 increased the fraction of residual Pb from 39.7% to 44.0% in the soil under the acid rain leaching condition. Therefore, we propose that the heavy metal(loid)-contaminated RS biochar produced at 700 °C might be more suitable for the remediation of soil heavily polluted in the Pb-smelting area.
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institution Kabale University
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publishDate 2022-03-01
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series Journal of Saudi Chemical Society
spelling doaj-art-5be58714d00a43d2891715d7f5d6b8af2025-08-20T03:49:08ZengSpringerJournal of Saudi Chemical Society1319-61032022-03-0126210143910.1016/j.jscs.2022.101439Optimizing pyrolysis temperature of contaminated rice straw biochar: Heavy metal(loid) deportment, properties evolution, and Pb adsorption/immobilizationZhi Xu0Yulian Hu1Zhaohui Guo2Xiyuan Xiao3Chi Peng4Peng Zeng5School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaCorresponding author at: No. 932 Lushan South Road, Changsha 410083, China.; School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaPyrolysis of rice straw (RS), a popular method for producing biochar, effectively treats heavy metal(loid)-contaminated RS. Here, we carried out this process at different temperatures and investigated the deportment of heavy metal(loid)s and the property evolution of biochars. Also, the optimal pyrolysis temperature for Pb adsorption and immobilization was studied. We observed that increasing the temperature could volatilize the heavy metal(loid)s. Cd was the most volatile metal therein, followed by As, while Ni, Cu, and Pb were relatively refractory. More than 75% of the remaining heavy metal(loid)s were non-exchangeable fractions at 700 °C, significantly reducing the environmental risk during subsequent application. Meanwhile, higher pyrolysis temperature resulted in higher pH values, higher surface areas, and stronger Pb adsorption capacity of RS biochars. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) of biochars was in the order of BC300 (77.2 mg·g−1) < BC500 (137.2 mg·g−1) < BC700 (222.6 mg·g−1). Besides, high-temperature biochar could significantly reduce the vertical Pb migration. And BC700 increased the fraction of residual Pb from 39.7% to 44.0% in the soil under the acid rain leaching condition. Therefore, we propose that the heavy metal(loid)-contaminated RS biochar produced at 700 °C might be more suitable for the remediation of soil heavily polluted in the Pb-smelting area.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319610322000217Contaminated rice strawPyrolysis temperatureHeavy metal(loid)s deportmentBiochar property evolutionAdsorptionLead
spellingShingle Zhi Xu
Yulian Hu
Zhaohui Guo
Xiyuan Xiao
Chi Peng
Peng Zeng
Optimizing pyrolysis temperature of contaminated rice straw biochar: Heavy metal(loid) deportment, properties evolution, and Pb adsorption/immobilization
Journal of Saudi Chemical Society
Contaminated rice straw
Pyrolysis temperature
Heavy metal(loid)s deportment
Biochar property evolution
Adsorption
Lead
title Optimizing pyrolysis temperature of contaminated rice straw biochar: Heavy metal(loid) deportment, properties evolution, and Pb adsorption/immobilization
title_full Optimizing pyrolysis temperature of contaminated rice straw biochar: Heavy metal(loid) deportment, properties evolution, and Pb adsorption/immobilization
title_fullStr Optimizing pyrolysis temperature of contaminated rice straw biochar: Heavy metal(loid) deportment, properties evolution, and Pb adsorption/immobilization
title_full_unstemmed Optimizing pyrolysis temperature of contaminated rice straw biochar: Heavy metal(loid) deportment, properties evolution, and Pb adsorption/immobilization
title_short Optimizing pyrolysis temperature of contaminated rice straw biochar: Heavy metal(loid) deportment, properties evolution, and Pb adsorption/immobilization
title_sort optimizing pyrolysis temperature of contaminated rice straw biochar heavy metal loid deportment properties evolution and pb adsorption immobilization
topic Contaminated rice straw
Pyrolysis temperature
Heavy metal(loid)s deportment
Biochar property evolution
Adsorption
Lead
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319610322000217
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