Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Application at Various Frequencies for Dental Caries Cessation among Preschool Children in India: Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Children from marginalized backgrounds show higher susceptibility to early childhood caries which can have serious repercussions. Determining the ideal application frequency of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is crucial for those with limited access to dental care. Objectives: This stu...

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Main Authors: Induja Devan, Chandrashekar Janakiram, Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan, Balagopal R Varma, Sanjeev Vasudevan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-01-01
Series:Contemporary Clinical Dentistry
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ccd.ccd_535_24
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author Induja Devan
Chandrashekar Janakiram
Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan
Balagopal R Varma
Sanjeev Vasudevan
author_facet Induja Devan
Chandrashekar Janakiram
Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan
Balagopal R Varma
Sanjeev Vasudevan
author_sort Induja Devan
collection DOAJ
description Background: Children from marginalized backgrounds show higher susceptibility to early childhood caries which can have serious repercussions. Determining the ideal application frequency of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is crucial for those with limited access to dental care. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different frequencies of 38% SDF application in halting the progression of active dentin coronal carious lesions in primary teeth of children aged 2–6 years. Methods: A randomized controlled trial with parallel arms was conducted at Amrita Kripa Hospital, Kalpetta, Wayanad, a region with a significant tribal population. Children with cavitated carious lesions were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) annual group (one application per year), (2) biannual group (two applications per year), and (3) four applications per year (at baseline, 2, 4, and 8 weeks). Carrie’s arrest was assessed at 6 and 12 months. Results: The study included 80 children and 440 teeth. The four-application group showed the highest caries arrest rate (80.5%), followed by the biannual group (78.2%) and the annual group (58.4%). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the groups (χ2 = 21.873, P < 0.001). Conclusions: More frequent SDF applications (four times per year) were significantly more effective in halting caries progression compared to biannual or annual applications, particularly evident in tribal children; a high-risk population with limited access to dental care. The study supports the use of SDF as a noninvasive, cost-effective preventive treatment for young children, especially in resource-limited settings, and emphasizes the need for frequent SDF applications in community-based oral health programs with limited dental care access.
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spelling doaj-art-5bdcd9abdbe446c7aa5801ab9c908af82025-08-20T03:17:14ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsContemporary Clinical Dentistry0976-237X0976-23612025-01-01161283510.4103/ccd.ccd_535_24Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Application at Various Frequencies for Dental Caries Cessation among Preschool Children in India: Randomized Controlled TrialInduja DevanChandrashekar JanakiramVenkitachalam RamanarayananBalagopal R VarmaSanjeev VasudevanBackground: Children from marginalized backgrounds show higher susceptibility to early childhood caries which can have serious repercussions. Determining the ideal application frequency of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is crucial for those with limited access to dental care. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different frequencies of 38% SDF application in halting the progression of active dentin coronal carious lesions in primary teeth of children aged 2–6 years. Methods: A randomized controlled trial with parallel arms was conducted at Amrita Kripa Hospital, Kalpetta, Wayanad, a region with a significant tribal population. Children with cavitated carious lesions were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) annual group (one application per year), (2) biannual group (two applications per year), and (3) four applications per year (at baseline, 2, 4, and 8 weeks). Carrie’s arrest was assessed at 6 and 12 months. Results: The study included 80 children and 440 teeth. The four-application group showed the highest caries arrest rate (80.5%), followed by the biannual group (78.2%) and the annual group (58.4%). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the groups (χ2 = 21.873, P < 0.001). Conclusions: More frequent SDF applications (four times per year) were significantly more effective in halting caries progression compared to biannual or annual applications, particularly evident in tribal children; a high-risk population with limited access to dental care. The study supports the use of SDF as a noninvasive, cost-effective preventive treatment for young children, especially in resource-limited settings, and emphasizes the need for frequent SDF applications in community-based oral health programs with limited dental care access.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ccd.ccd_535_24caries arrestearly childhood cariespreventive dentistrysilver diamine fluoridetribal children
spellingShingle Induja Devan
Chandrashekar Janakiram
Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan
Balagopal R Varma
Sanjeev Vasudevan
Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Application at Various Frequencies for Dental Caries Cessation among Preschool Children in India: Randomized Controlled Trial
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry
caries arrest
early childhood caries
preventive dentistry
silver diamine fluoride
tribal children
title Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Application at Various Frequencies for Dental Caries Cessation among Preschool Children in India: Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Application at Various Frequencies for Dental Caries Cessation among Preschool Children in India: Randomized Controlled Trial
title_fullStr Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Application at Various Frequencies for Dental Caries Cessation among Preschool Children in India: Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Application at Various Frequencies for Dental Caries Cessation among Preschool Children in India: Randomized Controlled Trial
title_short Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Application at Various Frequencies for Dental Caries Cessation among Preschool Children in India: Randomized Controlled Trial
title_sort effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride application at various frequencies for dental caries cessation among preschool children in india randomized controlled trial
topic caries arrest
early childhood caries
preventive dentistry
silver diamine fluoride
tribal children
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ccd.ccd_535_24
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