Diamond-coated quartz crystal microbalance sensors: Challenges in high yield production and enhanced detection of ethanol and sars-cov-2 proteins

This study presents the technological progress in the deposition of diamond thin films on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors. The linear antenna microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique effectively grows thin diamond films on QCM substrates (Dia-QCM) differently oriented on...

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Main Authors: Tibor Izsák, Marian Varga, Michal Kočí, Ondrej Szabó, Kateřina Aubrechtová Dragounová, Gabriel Vanko, Miroslav Gál, Jana Korčeková, Michaela Hornychová, Alexandra Poturnayová, Alexander Kromka
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Materials & Design
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127524008499
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author Tibor Izsák
Marian Varga
Michal Kočí
Ondrej Szabó
Kateřina Aubrechtová Dragounová
Gabriel Vanko
Miroslav Gál
Jana Korčeková
Michaela Hornychová
Alexandra Poturnayová
Alexander Kromka
author_facet Tibor Izsák
Marian Varga
Michal Kočí
Ondrej Szabó
Kateřina Aubrechtová Dragounová
Gabriel Vanko
Miroslav Gál
Jana Korčeková
Michaela Hornychová
Alexandra Poturnayová
Alexander Kromka
author_sort Tibor Izsák
collection DOAJ
description This study presents the technological progress in the deposition of diamond thin films on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors. The linear antenna microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique effectively grows thin diamond films on QCM substrates (Dia-QCM) differently oriented on the substrate holder in the deposition chamber, resulting in single-sided and double-sided coated QCMs. Each of these coated QCMs offers a distinctive advantage for sensing applications. The double-sided coated QCM sensors exhibited the most effective performance in ethanol detection, demonstrating approx. a 3-fold and 12-fold higher response than single-sided diamond-coated and bare gold QCM sensors, respectively. Furthermore, the single-sided Dia-QCM aptasensors demonstrated superior performance compared to bare gold QCM sensors, with a 2-fold higher response and a lower detection limit for S-RBD protein (LODDia-QCM = 0.09 pg/mL vs. LODAu-QCM = 0.10 pg/mL). In experiments conducted in human plasma, the Dia-QCM aptasensor demonstrated the ability to detect S-RBD protein at concentrations as low as 50 pg/mL, with high percentage recoveries. These results highlight the potential of linear antenna microwave plasma CVD for the mass production of advanced diamond-coated QCM sensors with different diamond film morphologies (porous, micro- or nanocrystalline) for various applications.
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spelling doaj-art-5bc9e89840444cee80bbd8d93df8b2702025-08-20T02:52:35ZengElsevierMaterials & Design0264-12752024-12-0124811347410.1016/j.matdes.2024.113474Diamond-coated quartz crystal microbalance sensors: Challenges in high yield production and enhanced detection of ethanol and sars-cov-2 proteinsTibor Izsák0Marian Varga1Michal Kočí2Ondrej Szabó3Kateřina Aubrechtová Dragounová4Gabriel Vanko5Miroslav Gál6Jana Korčeková7Michaela Hornychová8Alexandra Poturnayová9Alexander Kromka10Department of Microelectronics and Sensors, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovak Republic; Corresponding author.Department of Microelectronics and Sensors, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovak RepublicDepartment of Semiconductors, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnicka 10/112, Prague 6, 162 00, Czech Republic; Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technická 2, Prague 6, 166 27, Czech RepublicDepartment of Semiconductors, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnicka 10/112, Prague 6, 162 00, Czech RepublicDepartment of Semiconductors, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnicka 10/112, Prague 6, 162 00, Czech RepublicDepartment of Semiconductors, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnicka 10/112, Prague 6, 162 00, Czech RepublicFaculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, Bratislava, 811 07, Slovak RepublicCenter of Biosciences, Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 840 05, Slovak RepublicFaculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, Bratislava, 811 07, Slovak RepublicCenter of Biosciences, Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 840 05, Slovak RepublicDepartment of Semiconductors, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnicka 10/112, Prague 6, 162 00, Czech RepublicThis study presents the technological progress in the deposition of diamond thin films on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors. The linear antenna microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique effectively grows thin diamond films on QCM substrates (Dia-QCM) differently oriented on the substrate holder in the deposition chamber, resulting in single-sided and double-sided coated QCMs. Each of these coated QCMs offers a distinctive advantage for sensing applications. The double-sided coated QCM sensors exhibited the most effective performance in ethanol detection, demonstrating approx. a 3-fold and 12-fold higher response than single-sided diamond-coated and bare gold QCM sensors, respectively. Furthermore, the single-sided Dia-QCM aptasensors demonstrated superior performance compared to bare gold QCM sensors, with a 2-fold higher response and a lower detection limit for S-RBD protein (LODDia-QCM = 0.09 pg/mL vs. LODAu-QCM = 0.10 pg/mL). In experiments conducted in human plasma, the Dia-QCM aptasensor demonstrated the ability to detect S-RBD protein at concentrations as low as 50 pg/mL, with high percentage recoveries. These results highlight the potential of linear antenna microwave plasma CVD for the mass production of advanced diamond-coated QCM sensors with different diamond film morphologies (porous, micro- or nanocrystalline) for various applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127524008499DiamondQuartz crystal microbalanceMicrowave plasma CVDGas sensorBiosensorsSars-cov-2 proteins
spellingShingle Tibor Izsák
Marian Varga
Michal Kočí
Ondrej Szabó
Kateřina Aubrechtová Dragounová
Gabriel Vanko
Miroslav Gál
Jana Korčeková
Michaela Hornychová
Alexandra Poturnayová
Alexander Kromka
Diamond-coated quartz crystal microbalance sensors: Challenges in high yield production and enhanced detection of ethanol and sars-cov-2 proteins
Materials & Design
Diamond
Quartz crystal microbalance
Microwave plasma CVD
Gas sensor
Biosensors
Sars-cov-2 proteins
title Diamond-coated quartz crystal microbalance sensors: Challenges in high yield production and enhanced detection of ethanol and sars-cov-2 proteins
title_full Diamond-coated quartz crystal microbalance sensors: Challenges in high yield production and enhanced detection of ethanol and sars-cov-2 proteins
title_fullStr Diamond-coated quartz crystal microbalance sensors: Challenges in high yield production and enhanced detection of ethanol and sars-cov-2 proteins
title_full_unstemmed Diamond-coated quartz crystal microbalance sensors: Challenges in high yield production and enhanced detection of ethanol and sars-cov-2 proteins
title_short Diamond-coated quartz crystal microbalance sensors: Challenges in high yield production and enhanced detection of ethanol and sars-cov-2 proteins
title_sort diamond coated quartz crystal microbalance sensors challenges in high yield production and enhanced detection of ethanol and sars cov 2 proteins
topic Diamond
Quartz crystal microbalance
Microwave plasma CVD
Gas sensor
Biosensors
Sars-cov-2 proteins
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127524008499
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