Sustainable Water Resources Management and Groundwater Quality Assessment: Case of Karbala, Iraq

Barren lands can be converted into agricultural land through a multidisciplinary approach to water management. This study evaluates the groundwater quality for irrigation in the uncultivated Faddak land (277 km²) north of Kerbela City, Iraq. Thirty groundwater samples were collected from regional w...

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Main Authors: Muthanna M. A. Al-Shammari, Layth Abdulameer, Wael Noori Mrzah, Farhan Lafta Rashid, Najah M. L. Al Maimuri, Zaidoon Najah Mahdi Al Mamouri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Engiscience Publisher 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Studies in Science and Engineering
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Online Access:https://engiscience.com/index.php/josse/article/view/583
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author Muthanna M. A. Al-Shammari
Layth Abdulameer
Wael Noori Mrzah
Farhan Lafta Rashid
Najah M. L. Al Maimuri
Zaidoon Najah Mahdi Al Mamouri
author_facet Muthanna M. A. Al-Shammari
Layth Abdulameer
Wael Noori Mrzah
Farhan Lafta Rashid
Najah M. L. Al Maimuri
Zaidoon Najah Mahdi Al Mamouri
author_sort Muthanna M. A. Al-Shammari
collection DOAJ
description Barren lands can be converted into agricultural land through a multidisciplinary approach to water management. This study evaluates the groundwater quality for irrigation in the uncultivated Faddak land (277 km²) north of Kerbela City, Iraq. Thirty groundwater samples were collected from regional wells and analyzed using GIS, testing, and international standards from the FAO and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). A range of physicochemical parameters were tested, including calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, sulfate, chloride, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, and others. The results showed that most pollutants exceeded permissible limits, with an Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) of 36.28, indicating that the groundwater was unsuitable for irrigation. It is concluded that the water demands of native plants can be met through a combination of rainfall and surface water from the Euphrates River, with a maximum release of 20 m³/s required for cotton cultivation in July if 50% of the area is planted.
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series Journal of Studies in Science and Engineering
spelling doaj-art-5bc15ddbf0794bc4bc63165798f9435d2025-08-20T03:14:50ZengEngiscience PublisherJournal of Studies in Science and Engineering2789-634X2025-06-015110.53898/josse2025519Sustainable Water Resources Management and Groundwater Quality Assessment: Case of Karbala, IraqMuthanna M. A. Al-Shammari0Layth Abdulameer1Wael Noori Mrzah2Farhan Lafta Rashid3Najah M. L. Al Maimuri4Zaidoon Najah Mahdi Al Mamouri5Petroleum Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, 56001, IraqPetroleum Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, 56001, IraqDepartment of Soil Sciences and Water Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Sumer, Thi-Qar, 64005, IraqPetroleum Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Kerbala 56001, IraqBuilding and Construction Technologies Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Engineering Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, 51001, IraqArchitectural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Babylon, Babylon, 51002, Iraq Barren lands can be converted into agricultural land through a multidisciplinary approach to water management. This study evaluates the groundwater quality for irrigation in the uncultivated Faddak land (277 km²) north of Kerbela City, Iraq. Thirty groundwater samples were collected from regional wells and analyzed using GIS, testing, and international standards from the FAO and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). A range of physicochemical parameters were tested, including calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, sulfate, chloride, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, and others. The results showed that most pollutants exceeded permissible limits, with an Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) of 36.28, indicating that the groundwater was unsuitable for irrigation. It is concluded that the water demands of native plants can be met through a combination of rainfall and surface water from the Euphrates River, with a maximum release of 20 m³/s required for cotton cultivation in July if 50% of the area is planted. https://engiscience.com/index.php/josse/article/view/583Water management Groundwater contamination GISWater Quality IndexIrrigation suitability
spellingShingle Muthanna M. A. Al-Shammari
Layth Abdulameer
Wael Noori Mrzah
Farhan Lafta Rashid
Najah M. L. Al Maimuri
Zaidoon Najah Mahdi Al Mamouri
Sustainable Water Resources Management and Groundwater Quality Assessment: Case of Karbala, Iraq
Journal of Studies in Science and Engineering
Water management
Groundwater contamination
GIS
Water Quality Index
Irrigation suitability
title Sustainable Water Resources Management and Groundwater Quality Assessment: Case of Karbala, Iraq
title_full Sustainable Water Resources Management and Groundwater Quality Assessment: Case of Karbala, Iraq
title_fullStr Sustainable Water Resources Management and Groundwater Quality Assessment: Case of Karbala, Iraq
title_full_unstemmed Sustainable Water Resources Management and Groundwater Quality Assessment: Case of Karbala, Iraq
title_short Sustainable Water Resources Management and Groundwater Quality Assessment: Case of Karbala, Iraq
title_sort sustainable water resources management and groundwater quality assessment case of karbala iraq
topic Water management
Groundwater contamination
GIS
Water Quality Index
Irrigation suitability
url https://engiscience.com/index.php/josse/article/view/583
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