The role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in nasopharyngeal cancer: a literature review
Abstract Background Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a type of cancer originating from the nasopharynx’s epithelia. It is an undifferentiated form of squamous cell carcinoma and known as one of the major cancer types in the region of the head and neck. Some substances, such as lactate dehydrogenase (L...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2025-08-01
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| Series: | The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-025-00879-3 |
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| author | Mochammad Alfian Sulaksana Abdul Qadar Punagi Nova Audrey L Pieter Didit Yudhanto Ricky Setiady Yusuf Hamsu Kadriyan |
| author_facet | Mochammad Alfian Sulaksana Abdul Qadar Punagi Nova Audrey L Pieter Didit Yudhanto Ricky Setiady Yusuf Hamsu Kadriyan |
| author_sort | Mochammad Alfian Sulaksana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a type of cancer originating from the nasopharynx’s epithelia. It is an undifferentiated form of squamous cell carcinoma and known as one of the major cancer types in the region of the head and neck. Some substances, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), may contribute to the tumor’s progression and development. Nonetheless, the specific roles of LDH and VEGF in relation to NPC are not yet fully understood. Result LDH is an important substance involved in the glycolysis process, and it has been observed that patients with NPC have elevated levels of this enzyme. As it is higher, the prognosis became worse in patients with NPC. Similarly, VEGF which contributes to vascular generation also found to be higher in patients with NPC. VEGF is linked to tumor progression and development, and employing anti-VEGF agent may help to impede this progression. Conclusion The impacts of LDH and VEGF in NPC have been proven independently; however, the combined effect remains unclear. Therefore, the exploration of both biomarkers is crucial to the management of NPC in the future. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5b85e99ddc0f4350b3aef4a46f6df0a0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-8539 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology |
| spelling | doaj-art-5b85e99ddc0f4350b3aef4a46f6df0a02025-08-20T03:45:44ZengSpringerOpenThe Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology2090-85392025-08-014111910.1186/s43163-025-00879-3The role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in nasopharyngeal cancer: a literature reviewMochammad Alfian Sulaksana0Abdul Qadar Punagi1Nova Audrey L Pieter2Didit Yudhanto3Ricky Setiady Yusuf4Hamsu Kadriyan5Nusa Tenggara Barat General HospitalHasanuddin UniversityHasanuddin UniversityUniversity of MataramUniversity of MataramUniversity of MataramAbstract Background Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a type of cancer originating from the nasopharynx’s epithelia. It is an undifferentiated form of squamous cell carcinoma and known as one of the major cancer types in the region of the head and neck. Some substances, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), may contribute to the tumor’s progression and development. Nonetheless, the specific roles of LDH and VEGF in relation to NPC are not yet fully understood. Result LDH is an important substance involved in the glycolysis process, and it has been observed that patients with NPC have elevated levels of this enzyme. As it is higher, the prognosis became worse in patients with NPC. Similarly, VEGF which contributes to vascular generation also found to be higher in patients with NPC. VEGF is linked to tumor progression and development, and employing anti-VEGF agent may help to impede this progression. Conclusion The impacts of LDH and VEGF in NPC have been proven independently; however, the combined effect remains unclear. Therefore, the exploration of both biomarkers is crucial to the management of NPC in the future.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-025-00879-3Nasopharyngeal cancerLactate dehydrogenaseVascular endothelial growth factor |
| spellingShingle | Mochammad Alfian Sulaksana Abdul Qadar Punagi Nova Audrey L Pieter Didit Yudhanto Ricky Setiady Yusuf Hamsu Kadriyan The role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in nasopharyngeal cancer: a literature review The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology Nasopharyngeal cancer Lactate dehydrogenase Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| title | The role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in nasopharyngeal cancer: a literature review |
| title_full | The role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in nasopharyngeal cancer: a literature review |
| title_fullStr | The role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in nasopharyngeal cancer: a literature review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in nasopharyngeal cancer: a literature review |
| title_short | The role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in nasopharyngeal cancer: a literature review |
| title_sort | role of lactate dehydrogenase ldh and vascular endothelial growth factor vegf in nasopharyngeal cancer a literature review |
| topic | Nasopharyngeal cancer Lactate dehydrogenase Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-025-00879-3 |
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