Adipose Tissue and Adrenal Glands: Novel Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Applications
Hormones produced by the adrenal glands and adipose tissues have important roles in normal physiology and are altered in many disease states. Obesity is associated with changes in adrenal function, including increase in adrenal medullary catecholamine output, alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitar...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2014-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/614074 |
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| author | Atil Y. Kargi Gianluca Iacobellis |
| author_facet | Atil Y. Kargi Gianluca Iacobellis |
| author_sort | Atil Y. Kargi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hormones produced by the adrenal glands and adipose tissues have important roles in normal physiology and are altered in many disease states. Obesity is associated with changes in adrenal function, including increase in adrenal medullary catecholamine output, alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, elevations in circulating aldosterone together with changes in adipose tissue glucocorticoid metabolism, and enhanced adipocyte mineralocorticoid receptor activity. It is unknown whether these changes in adrenal endocrine function are in part responsible for the pathogenesis of obesity and related comorbidities or represent an adaptive response. In turn, adipose tissue hormones or “adipokines” have direct effects on the adrenal glands and interact with adrenal hormones at several levels. Here we review the emerging evidence supporting the existence of “cross talk” between the adrenal gland and adipose tissue, focusing on the relevance and roles of their respective hormones in health and disease states including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and primary disorders of the adrenals. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5b4905507ee248ccade652b375c537ac |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-8337 1687-8345 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-5b4905507ee248ccade652b375c537ac2025-08-20T03:35:01ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452014-01-01201410.1155/2014/614074614074Adipose Tissue and Adrenal Glands: Novel Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical ApplicationsAtil Y. Kargi0Gianluca Iacobellis1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USADivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USAHormones produced by the adrenal glands and adipose tissues have important roles in normal physiology and are altered in many disease states. Obesity is associated with changes in adrenal function, including increase in adrenal medullary catecholamine output, alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, elevations in circulating aldosterone together with changes in adipose tissue glucocorticoid metabolism, and enhanced adipocyte mineralocorticoid receptor activity. It is unknown whether these changes in adrenal endocrine function are in part responsible for the pathogenesis of obesity and related comorbidities or represent an adaptive response. In turn, adipose tissue hormones or “adipokines” have direct effects on the adrenal glands and interact with adrenal hormones at several levels. Here we review the emerging evidence supporting the existence of “cross talk” between the adrenal gland and adipose tissue, focusing on the relevance and roles of their respective hormones in health and disease states including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and primary disorders of the adrenals.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/614074 |
| spellingShingle | Atil Y. Kargi Gianluca Iacobellis Adipose Tissue and Adrenal Glands: Novel Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Applications International Journal of Endocrinology |
| title | Adipose Tissue and Adrenal Glands: Novel Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Applications |
| title_full | Adipose Tissue and Adrenal Glands: Novel Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Applications |
| title_fullStr | Adipose Tissue and Adrenal Glands: Novel Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adipose Tissue and Adrenal Glands: Novel Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Applications |
| title_short | Adipose Tissue and Adrenal Glands: Novel Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Applications |
| title_sort | adipose tissue and adrenal glands novel pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical applications |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/614074 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT atilykargi adiposetissueandadrenalglandsnovelpathophysiologicalmechanismsandclinicalapplications AT gianlucaiacobellis adiposetissueandadrenalglandsnovelpathophysiologicalmechanismsandclinicalapplications |