Evaluation of Olive Oil-Based Formulations Loaded with Baricitinib for Topical Treatment of Alopecia Areata
<b>Background:</b> Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder that causes hair loss in clumps about the size and shape of a quarter. The estimated prevalence of the disorder is approximately 1 in 1000 people, with a lifetime risk of approximately 2 percent. One of the systemic therapies f...
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2025-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/4/475 |
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| author | Negar Beirampour Mireia Mallandrich Paola Bustos-Salgado Valeri Domínguez-Villegas Núria Garrós Roya Mohammadi-Meyabadi Beatriz Clares-Naveros Maria Nuria Romero-Olid Francisco J. Pérez-Cano Marina Girbal Maria José Rodríguez-Lagunas Joaquim Suñer-Carbó Ana Cristina Calpena |
| author_facet | Negar Beirampour Mireia Mallandrich Paola Bustos-Salgado Valeri Domínguez-Villegas Núria Garrós Roya Mohammadi-Meyabadi Beatriz Clares-Naveros Maria Nuria Romero-Olid Francisco J. Pérez-Cano Marina Girbal Maria José Rodríguez-Lagunas Joaquim Suñer-Carbó Ana Cristina Calpena |
| author_sort | Negar Beirampour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder that causes hair loss in clumps about the size and shape of a quarter. The estimated prevalence of the disorder is approximately 1 in 1000 people, with a lifetime risk of approximately 2 percent. One of the systemic therapies for alopecia areata consists of the use of glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants. <b>Methods:</b> Baricitinib (BCT) is a Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and 2 selective inhibitor used as an immunosuppressant drug. In this study, three olive oil BCT formulations (Oil A, Oil B, and Oil C, which differ in their content in squalene, tocopherol, tyrosol, and hydroxytyrosol) have been developed for topical delivery. The formulations were physicochemically characterized and the in vitro drug release and ex vivo permeation through human skin tissues were assessed. <b>Results:</b> The results showed nearly identical viscosity across all three formulations, exhibiting Newtonian behavior. The mathematical modeling used to describe the drug release profiles was the one-site binding hyperbola for all formulations. Oil-based formulations showed a slow BCT penetration into human skin. Skin integrity remained intact during the experiments, with no signs of irritation or alterations observed. In addition, all the formulations proved their efficacy in vivo. <b>Conclusions:</b> Among the formulations, Oil A demonstrated the highest ability retention capacity (<i>Q</i><sub>r</sub> = 1875 ± 124.32 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>) in the skin, making it an excellent candidate for further investigation in the treatment of alopecia areata. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5b3ad3b0e3f9418b9db691fe454b404a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj-art-5b3ad3b0e3f9418b9db691fe454b404a2025-08-20T02:18:15ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232025-04-0117447510.3390/pharmaceutics17040475Evaluation of Olive Oil-Based Formulations Loaded with Baricitinib for Topical Treatment of Alopecia AreataNegar Beirampour0Mireia Mallandrich1Paola Bustos-Salgado2Valeri Domínguez-Villegas3Núria Garrós4Roya Mohammadi-Meyabadi5Beatriz Clares-Naveros6Maria Nuria Romero-Olid7Francisco J. Pérez-Cano8Marina Girbal9Maria José Rodríguez-Lagunas10Joaquim Suñer-Carbó11Ana Cristina Calpena12Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, SpainDepartament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, SpainDepartament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, SpainFacultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, MexicoDepartament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, SpainDepartament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, SpainInstitut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, SpainDepartamento de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Granada, Colegio Máximo, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, SpainDepartament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, SpainDepartament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, SpainDepartament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, SpainDepartament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, SpainDepartament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain<b>Background:</b> Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder that causes hair loss in clumps about the size and shape of a quarter. The estimated prevalence of the disorder is approximately 1 in 1000 people, with a lifetime risk of approximately 2 percent. One of the systemic therapies for alopecia areata consists of the use of glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants. <b>Methods:</b> Baricitinib (BCT) is a Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and 2 selective inhibitor used as an immunosuppressant drug. In this study, three olive oil BCT formulations (Oil A, Oil B, and Oil C, which differ in their content in squalene, tocopherol, tyrosol, and hydroxytyrosol) have been developed for topical delivery. The formulations were physicochemically characterized and the in vitro drug release and ex vivo permeation through human skin tissues were assessed. <b>Results:</b> The results showed nearly identical viscosity across all three formulations, exhibiting Newtonian behavior. The mathematical modeling used to describe the drug release profiles was the one-site binding hyperbola for all formulations. Oil-based formulations showed a slow BCT penetration into human skin. Skin integrity remained intact during the experiments, with no signs of irritation or alterations observed. In addition, all the formulations proved their efficacy in vivo. <b>Conclusions:</b> Among the formulations, Oil A demonstrated the highest ability retention capacity (<i>Q</i><sub>r</sub> = 1875 ± 124.32 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>) in the skin, making it an excellent candidate for further investigation in the treatment of alopecia areata.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/4/475baricitinibex vivo permeationalopecia areatahair lossskin irritationin vitro Release |
| spellingShingle | Negar Beirampour Mireia Mallandrich Paola Bustos-Salgado Valeri Domínguez-Villegas Núria Garrós Roya Mohammadi-Meyabadi Beatriz Clares-Naveros Maria Nuria Romero-Olid Francisco J. Pérez-Cano Marina Girbal Maria José Rodríguez-Lagunas Joaquim Suñer-Carbó Ana Cristina Calpena Evaluation of Olive Oil-Based Formulations Loaded with Baricitinib for Topical Treatment of Alopecia Areata Pharmaceutics baricitinib ex vivo permeation alopecia areata hair loss skin irritation in vitro Release |
| title | Evaluation of Olive Oil-Based Formulations Loaded with Baricitinib for Topical Treatment of Alopecia Areata |
| title_full | Evaluation of Olive Oil-Based Formulations Loaded with Baricitinib for Topical Treatment of Alopecia Areata |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Olive Oil-Based Formulations Loaded with Baricitinib for Topical Treatment of Alopecia Areata |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Olive Oil-Based Formulations Loaded with Baricitinib for Topical Treatment of Alopecia Areata |
| title_short | Evaluation of Olive Oil-Based Formulations Loaded with Baricitinib for Topical Treatment of Alopecia Areata |
| title_sort | evaluation of olive oil based formulations loaded with baricitinib for topical treatment of alopecia areata |
| topic | baricitinib ex vivo permeation alopecia areata hair loss skin irritation in vitro Release |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/4/475 |
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