Characterization of dip effect on strength for gently inclined rock pillar
Abstract In underground mining operations, rock pillars play a crucial role as load-bearing elements whose structural integrity exhibits strong correlation with the inclination angle of the ore deposit. While the dip effect on pillar strength is widely acknowledged, quantifying this effect remains c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09819-w |
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| author | Lijun Sun Pengcheng Li Shujian Li Menglai Wang Lingpan Du |
| author_facet | Lijun Sun Pengcheng Li Shujian Li Menglai Wang Lingpan Du |
| author_sort | Lijun Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In underground mining operations, rock pillars play a crucial role as load-bearing elements whose structural integrity exhibits strong correlation with the inclination angle of the ore deposit. While the dip effect on pillar strength is widely acknowledged, quantifying this effect remains challenging. This study addresses this issue through theoretical and numerical approaches. A failure criterion for inclined rock was applied to establish the relationship between flat and inclined rock pillar strength. A dimensionless compression-shear coefficient (incorporating in-situ stress factors) was introduced to bridge this relationship, enabling the development of a mathematical model for estimating pillar strength based on the ore-body dip angle. This model integrates rock strength criteria with empirical formulas, extending the application of rock strength theory. The model’s results were validated against numerical simulations, showing strong agreement. Both methods demonstrated that pillar strength decreases as the dip angle increases. The compression-shear coefficient effectively quantifies the dip effect, revealing a consistent decline in strength with higher dip angles. This research not only provides a theoretical framework for assessing inclined pillar strength but also enhances the practical application of rock strength theory in geomechanical applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5b1bb8ec44624bd9aa821dab80fe90e6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-5b1bb8ec44624bd9aa821dab80fe90e62025-08-20T03:42:45ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115112110.1038/s41598-025-09819-wCharacterization of dip effect on strength for gently inclined rock pillarLijun Sun0Pengcheng Li1Shujian Li2Menglai Wang3Lingpan Du4National Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and UtilizationNational Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and UtilizationNational Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and UtilizationNational Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and UtilizationNational Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and UtilizationAbstract In underground mining operations, rock pillars play a crucial role as load-bearing elements whose structural integrity exhibits strong correlation with the inclination angle of the ore deposit. While the dip effect on pillar strength is widely acknowledged, quantifying this effect remains challenging. This study addresses this issue through theoretical and numerical approaches. A failure criterion for inclined rock was applied to establish the relationship between flat and inclined rock pillar strength. A dimensionless compression-shear coefficient (incorporating in-situ stress factors) was introduced to bridge this relationship, enabling the development of a mathematical model for estimating pillar strength based on the ore-body dip angle. This model integrates rock strength criteria with empirical formulas, extending the application of rock strength theory. The model’s results were validated against numerical simulations, showing strong agreement. Both methods demonstrated that pillar strength decreases as the dip angle increases. The compression-shear coefficient effectively quantifies the dip effect, revealing a consistent decline in strength with higher dip angles. This research not only provides a theoretical framework for assessing inclined pillar strength but also enhances the practical application of rock strength theory in geomechanical applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09819-wRock pillarStrengthDip effectCompression-shear strength model |
| spellingShingle | Lijun Sun Pengcheng Li Shujian Li Menglai Wang Lingpan Du Characterization of dip effect on strength for gently inclined rock pillar Scientific Reports Rock pillar Strength Dip effect Compression-shear strength model |
| title | Characterization of dip effect on strength for gently inclined rock pillar |
| title_full | Characterization of dip effect on strength for gently inclined rock pillar |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of dip effect on strength for gently inclined rock pillar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of dip effect on strength for gently inclined rock pillar |
| title_short | Characterization of dip effect on strength for gently inclined rock pillar |
| title_sort | characterization of dip effect on strength for gently inclined rock pillar |
| topic | Rock pillar Strength Dip effect Compression-shear strength model |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09819-w |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lijunsun characterizationofdipeffectonstrengthforgentlyinclinedrockpillar AT pengchengli characterizationofdipeffectonstrengthforgentlyinclinedrockpillar AT shujianli characterizationofdipeffectonstrengthforgentlyinclinedrockpillar AT menglaiwang characterizationofdipeffectonstrengthforgentlyinclinedrockpillar AT lingpandu characterizationofdipeffectonstrengthforgentlyinclinedrockpillar |