Effects of a Microbial Vetch Fertilizer on the Disease Resistance, Yield, and Quality of Sweet Waxy Corn

This study aimed to address stalk rot in sweet waxy corn while simultaneously decreasing the chemical fertilizer usage without affecting the crop yield. The investigators implemented an innovative approach that integrated disease management with environmentally sustainable agricultural practices by...

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Main Authors: Xiangtao Meng, Zhuangzhuang Li, Han Wu, Haiming Duan, Li Yu, Cheng Zhou, Meng Wang, Kun Zhang, Chaofan Hu, Zhangjun Su, Haibing Yu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Diversity
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/16/12/778
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author Xiangtao Meng
Zhuangzhuang Li
Han Wu
Haiming Duan
Li Yu
Cheng Zhou
Meng Wang
Kun Zhang
Chaofan Hu
Zhangjun Su
Haibing Yu
author_facet Xiangtao Meng
Zhuangzhuang Li
Han Wu
Haiming Duan
Li Yu
Cheng Zhou
Meng Wang
Kun Zhang
Chaofan Hu
Zhangjun Su
Haibing Yu
author_sort Xiangtao Meng
collection DOAJ
description This study aimed to address stalk rot in sweet waxy corn while simultaneously decreasing the chemical fertilizer usage without affecting the crop yield. The investigators implemented an innovative approach that integrated disease management with environmentally sustainable agricultural practices by developing an enhanced microbial vetch fertilizer (MVF). This novel fertilizer was produced through the fermentation of vetch (<i>Vicia villosa</i> var. <i>glabrescens</i>) straw utilizing beneficial strains of <i>Trichoderma</i> and <i>Bacillus</i> species. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the antifungal microbial strains effectively inhibited <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> growth by 46.9% to 64.0%. Subsequent pot trials revealed that MVF application significantly reduced the incidence of stalk rot, resulting in a disease index of 21.2, which was equivalent to control efficacy of 60.2%. Field experiments further demonstrated that applying MVF at 5250 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup> produced optimal ear and grain weights, with the peak grain yield reaching 11,259.7 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup> when combined with 90% of the standard chemical fertilizer regime. This study contributes to the advancement of environmentally sustainable agricultural practices by effectively managing corn stalk rot and improving productivity by using eco-friendly techniques. The MVF shows potential as a biological alternative to boost sweet corn yields and enhance the protective enzyme activity. This study advances the field of sustainable agriculture by introducing eco-friendly techniques that effectively combat corn stalk rot and enhance crop yields.
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spelling doaj-art-5affb98c0bf14804b09e2d2657ba4a8d2025-08-20T02:53:29ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182024-12-01161277810.3390/d16120778Effects of a Microbial Vetch Fertilizer on the Disease Resistance, Yield, and Quality of Sweet Waxy CornXiangtao Meng0Zhuangzhuang Li1Han Wu2Haiming Duan3Li Yu4Cheng Zhou5Meng Wang6Kun Zhang7Chaofan Hu8Zhangjun Su9Haibing Yu10College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, ChinaThis study aimed to address stalk rot in sweet waxy corn while simultaneously decreasing the chemical fertilizer usage without affecting the crop yield. The investigators implemented an innovative approach that integrated disease management with environmentally sustainable agricultural practices by developing an enhanced microbial vetch fertilizer (MVF). This novel fertilizer was produced through the fermentation of vetch (<i>Vicia villosa</i> var. <i>glabrescens</i>) straw utilizing beneficial strains of <i>Trichoderma</i> and <i>Bacillus</i> species. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the antifungal microbial strains effectively inhibited <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> growth by 46.9% to 64.0%. Subsequent pot trials revealed that MVF application significantly reduced the incidence of stalk rot, resulting in a disease index of 21.2, which was equivalent to control efficacy of 60.2%. Field experiments further demonstrated that applying MVF at 5250 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup> produced optimal ear and grain weights, with the peak grain yield reaching 11,259.7 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup> when combined with 90% of the standard chemical fertilizer regime. This study contributes to the advancement of environmentally sustainable agricultural practices by effectively managing corn stalk rot and improving productivity by using eco-friendly techniques. The MVF shows potential as a biological alternative to boost sweet corn yields and enhance the protective enzyme activity. This study advances the field of sustainable agriculture by introducing eco-friendly techniques that effectively combat corn stalk rot and enhance crop yields.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/16/12/778microbial vetch fertilizercorn stalk rot<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i><i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i>crop yield
spellingShingle Xiangtao Meng
Zhuangzhuang Li
Han Wu
Haiming Duan
Li Yu
Cheng Zhou
Meng Wang
Kun Zhang
Chaofan Hu
Zhangjun Su
Haibing Yu
Effects of a Microbial Vetch Fertilizer on the Disease Resistance, Yield, and Quality of Sweet Waxy Corn
Diversity
microbial vetch fertilizer
corn stalk rot
<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>
<i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i>
crop yield
title Effects of a Microbial Vetch Fertilizer on the Disease Resistance, Yield, and Quality of Sweet Waxy Corn
title_full Effects of a Microbial Vetch Fertilizer on the Disease Resistance, Yield, and Quality of Sweet Waxy Corn
title_fullStr Effects of a Microbial Vetch Fertilizer on the Disease Resistance, Yield, and Quality of Sweet Waxy Corn
title_full_unstemmed Effects of a Microbial Vetch Fertilizer on the Disease Resistance, Yield, and Quality of Sweet Waxy Corn
title_short Effects of a Microbial Vetch Fertilizer on the Disease Resistance, Yield, and Quality of Sweet Waxy Corn
title_sort effects of a microbial vetch fertilizer on the disease resistance yield and quality of sweet waxy corn
topic microbial vetch fertilizer
corn stalk rot
<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>
<i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i>
crop yield
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/16/12/778
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