Facing yourself in a virtual reality-assisted perspective-taking intervention: an interpretative phenomenological analysis

IntroductionPeople's self-narratives—how they relate to themselves and others—are closely intertwined with psychological suffering and wellbeing. This study investigates a perspective-taking intervention rooted in Relational Frame Theory (RFT), where participants observe themselves from an outs...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Essi Sairanen, Daniel Wallsten
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1547064/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850122336583286784
author Essi Sairanen
Daniel Wallsten
author_facet Essi Sairanen
Daniel Wallsten
author_sort Essi Sairanen
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionPeople's self-narratives—how they relate to themselves and others—are closely intertwined with psychological suffering and wellbeing. This study investigates a perspective-taking intervention rooted in Relational Frame Theory (RFT), where participants observe themselves from an outside perspective in Virtual Reality (VR).MethodsThree participants watched 3D-filmed versions of themselves through a VR headset while reflecting on perspective-taking questions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the transcripts were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).ResultsThe intervention helped participants become more aware of their self-relating. They recognized how they internalized perceived judgments from others and how they adjusted their behavior accordingly. Self-critical tendencies and the double standards they applied to themselves vs. others became more apparent, often evoking self-compassion. The intervention also revealed discrepancies between participants' internal and external views—that is, how they perceived themselves from the inside vs. the outside.DiscussionThese findings highlight the promising therapeutic potential of this intervention, both for assessing and influencing self-relating.
format Article
id doaj-art-5ad704f06eee453cb387cc3ba3eaef7a
institution OA Journals
issn 1664-1078
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Psychology
spelling doaj-art-5ad704f06eee453cb387cc3ba3eaef7a2025-08-20T02:34:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782025-06-011610.3389/fpsyg.2025.15470641547064Facing yourself in a virtual reality-assisted perspective-taking intervention: an interpretative phenomenological analysisEssi SairanenDaniel WallstenIntroductionPeople's self-narratives—how they relate to themselves and others—are closely intertwined with psychological suffering and wellbeing. This study investigates a perspective-taking intervention rooted in Relational Frame Theory (RFT), where participants observe themselves from an outside perspective in Virtual Reality (VR).MethodsThree participants watched 3D-filmed versions of themselves through a VR headset while reflecting on perspective-taking questions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the transcripts were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).ResultsThe intervention helped participants become more aware of their self-relating. They recognized how they internalized perceived judgments from others and how they adjusted their behavior accordingly. Self-critical tendencies and the double standards they applied to themselves vs. others became more apparent, often evoking self-compassion. The intervention also revealed discrepancies between participants' internal and external views—that is, how they perceived themselves from the inside vs. the outside.DiscussionThese findings highlight the promising therapeutic potential of this intervention, both for assessing and influencing self-relating.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1547064/fullvirtual realityperspective-takingrelational frame theoryinterpretative phenomenological analysissense of self
spellingShingle Essi Sairanen
Daniel Wallsten
Facing yourself in a virtual reality-assisted perspective-taking intervention: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
Frontiers in Psychology
virtual reality
perspective-taking
relational frame theory
interpretative phenomenological analysis
sense of self
title Facing yourself in a virtual reality-assisted perspective-taking intervention: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
title_full Facing yourself in a virtual reality-assisted perspective-taking intervention: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
title_fullStr Facing yourself in a virtual reality-assisted perspective-taking intervention: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
title_full_unstemmed Facing yourself in a virtual reality-assisted perspective-taking intervention: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
title_short Facing yourself in a virtual reality-assisted perspective-taking intervention: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
title_sort facing yourself in a virtual reality assisted perspective taking intervention an interpretative phenomenological analysis
topic virtual reality
perspective-taking
relational frame theory
interpretative phenomenological analysis
sense of self
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1547064/full
work_keys_str_mv AT essisairanen facingyourselfinavirtualrealityassistedperspectivetakinginterventionaninterpretativephenomenologicalanalysis
AT danielwallsten facingyourselfinavirtualrealityassistedperspectivetakinginterventionaninterpretativephenomenologicalanalysis