Driving Pattern Analysis, Gear Shift Classification, and Fuel Efficiency in Light-Duty Vehicles: A Machine Learning Approach Using GPS and OBD II PID Signals

Driving Pattern Analysis, Gear Shift Classification, and Fuel Efficiency in Light-Duty Vehicles: A Machine Learning Approach Using GPS and OBD II PID Signals

This study proposes an automatic gear shift classification algorithm in M1 category vehicles using data acquired through the onboard diagnostic system (OBD II) and GPS. The proposed approach is based on the analysis of identification parameters (PIDs), such as manifold absolute pressure (MAP), revol...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Juan José Molina-Campoverde, Juan Zurita-Jara, Paúl Molina-Campoverde
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
GPS
KNN
K-means
OBD II
stopping times
PID
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/13/4043
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