Liposome-like encapsulation of fish oil-based self-nano emulsifying formulation for improved bioavailability
Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are known for their significant health benefits, including cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammatory effects, and cognitive enhancement. However, the poor bioavailability of these lipophilic compounds, es...
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Food Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225000551 |
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| author | Iqbal Ahmad Aparana Dogra Tanya Nagpal Chandvi Sharma Sudhakar Singh Nikhil Shaiva Gaurav Saini Kanishk Luhach |
| author_facet | Iqbal Ahmad Aparana Dogra Tanya Nagpal Chandvi Sharma Sudhakar Singh Nikhil Shaiva Gaurav Saini Kanishk Luhach |
| author_sort | Iqbal Ahmad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are known for their significant health benefits, including cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammatory effects, and cognitive enhancement. However, the poor bioavailability of these lipophilic compounds, especially in their ethyl ester form, limits their clinical efficacy. This study aimed to develop a novel liposome-like self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDS) to enhance the bioavailability of fish oil-based EPA and DHA. A Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the formulation, assessing the impact of lecithin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), propylene glycol ester, and polysorbate on particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential. The optimized formulation exhibited significantly smaller particle sizes (100–300 nm), low PDI (0.149–0.303), and a stable zeta potential(-32.5 to -27.9 mV), potentially contributing to improved absorption and stability. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the dual nature of the formulation, displaying characteristics of both nanoemulsion and liposomal structures. Pharmacokinetic studies in Wistar rats revealed a 13.2-fold and 4.7-fold increase in the bioavailability of EPA and DHA, respectively, compared to conventional fish oil. The enhanced pharmacokinetic profile suggests that this novel formulation could offer superior clinical benefits, including but not limited to managing lipid profile and hypertension, improving cognition, glycaemic control, and reducing inflammation. Avoid large doses of fish oil to achieve the benefits mentioned above. Thus, further clinical investigations could highlight the potential clinical benefits of the formulation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5ac492e5b9ce4355a1f536279d40e946 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2772-5022 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Food Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-5ac492e5b9ce4355a1f536279d40e9462025-02-09T05:01:42ZengElsevierApplied Food Research2772-50222025-06-0151100745Liposome-like encapsulation of fish oil-based self-nano emulsifying formulation for improved bioavailabilityIqbal Ahmad0Aparana Dogra1Tanya Nagpal2Chandvi Sharma3Sudhakar Singh4Nikhil Shaiva5Gaurav Saini6Kanishk Luhach7Vytals Wellbeing India Private Limited, 16th Floor, Block A, DLF Epitome Building, 5, DLF Cyber City, DLF Phase 3, Gurugram, Haryana 122002, India; Co-Corresponding author at: Research and Development, Vytals Wellbeing India Private Limited, Gurugram, Haryana, India.Vytals Wellbeing India Private Limited, 16th Floor, Block A, DLF Epitome Building, 5, DLF Cyber City, DLF Phase 3, Gurugram, Haryana 122002, IndiaVytals Wellbeing India Private Limited, 16th Floor, Block A, DLF Epitome Building, 5, DLF Cyber City, DLF Phase 3, Gurugram, Haryana 122002, India; Nanoscopic Imaging and Sensing Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, IndiaVytals Wellbeing India Private Limited, 16th Floor, Block A, DLF Epitome Building, 5, DLF Cyber City, DLF Phase 3, Gurugram, Haryana 122002, IndiaVytals Wellbeing India Private Limited, 16th Floor, Block A, DLF Epitome Building, 5, DLF Cyber City, DLF Phase 3, Gurugram, Haryana 122002, IndiaVytals Wellbeing India Private Limited, 16th Floor, Block A, DLF Epitome Building, 5, DLF Cyber City, DLF Phase 3, Gurugram, Haryana 122002, IndiaVytals Wellbeing India Private Limited, 16th Floor, Block A, DLF Epitome Building, 5, DLF Cyber City, DLF Phase 3, Gurugram, Haryana 122002, IndiaVytals Wellbeing India Private Limited, 16th Floor, Block A, DLF Epitome Building, 5, DLF Cyber City, DLF Phase 3, Gurugram, Haryana 122002, India; Corresponding author at: Department of Regulatory and Medical Affairs, Vytals Wellbeing India Private Limited, Gurugram, Haryana, India.Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are known for their significant health benefits, including cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammatory effects, and cognitive enhancement. However, the poor bioavailability of these lipophilic compounds, especially in their ethyl ester form, limits their clinical efficacy. This study aimed to develop a novel liposome-like self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDS) to enhance the bioavailability of fish oil-based EPA and DHA. A Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the formulation, assessing the impact of lecithin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), propylene glycol ester, and polysorbate on particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential. The optimized formulation exhibited significantly smaller particle sizes (100–300 nm), low PDI (0.149–0.303), and a stable zeta potential(-32.5 to -27.9 mV), potentially contributing to improved absorption and stability. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the dual nature of the formulation, displaying characteristics of both nanoemulsion and liposomal structures. Pharmacokinetic studies in Wistar rats revealed a 13.2-fold and 4.7-fold increase in the bioavailability of EPA and DHA, respectively, compared to conventional fish oil. The enhanced pharmacokinetic profile suggests that this novel formulation could offer superior clinical benefits, including but not limited to managing lipid profile and hypertension, improving cognition, glycaemic control, and reducing inflammation. Avoid large doses of fish oil to achieve the benefits mentioned above. Thus, further clinical investigations could highlight the potential clinical benefits of the formulation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225000551MicroemulsionLiposomeOmega-3BioavailabilityNanoemulsion |
| spellingShingle | Iqbal Ahmad Aparana Dogra Tanya Nagpal Chandvi Sharma Sudhakar Singh Nikhil Shaiva Gaurav Saini Kanishk Luhach Liposome-like encapsulation of fish oil-based self-nano emulsifying formulation for improved bioavailability Applied Food Research Microemulsion Liposome Omega-3 Bioavailability Nanoemulsion |
| title | Liposome-like encapsulation of fish oil-based self-nano emulsifying formulation for improved bioavailability |
| title_full | Liposome-like encapsulation of fish oil-based self-nano emulsifying formulation for improved bioavailability |
| title_fullStr | Liposome-like encapsulation of fish oil-based self-nano emulsifying formulation for improved bioavailability |
| title_full_unstemmed | Liposome-like encapsulation of fish oil-based self-nano emulsifying formulation for improved bioavailability |
| title_short | Liposome-like encapsulation of fish oil-based self-nano emulsifying formulation for improved bioavailability |
| title_sort | liposome like encapsulation of fish oil based self nano emulsifying formulation for improved bioavailability |
| topic | Microemulsion Liposome Omega-3 Bioavailability Nanoemulsion |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772502225000551 |
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