Interference of the Reference Electrodes’ Leakage on the Aging of Copper Hexacyanoferrate for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries

Global warming necessitates sustainable energy storage systems like aqueous Zn‐ion batteries. Copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) is a cost‐effective, easily synthesized cathode material. Generally, a three‐electrode setup containing a reference electrode (e.g., Ag/AgCl or SCE) is used to study the acti...

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Main Authors: Sara Sfiligoi, Fabio La Mantia, Giorgia Zampardi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley-VCH 2025-08-01
Series:ChemElectroChem
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.202500101
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author Sara Sfiligoi
Fabio La Mantia
Giorgia Zampardi
author_facet Sara Sfiligoi
Fabio La Mantia
Giorgia Zampardi
author_sort Sara Sfiligoi
collection DOAJ
description Global warming necessitates sustainable energy storage systems like aqueous Zn‐ion batteries. Copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) is a cost‐effective, easily synthesized cathode material. Generally, a three‐electrode setup containing a reference electrode (e.g., Ag/AgCl or SCE) is used to study the active material. Herein, it is shown that the presence of the reference electrode can interfere with the aging and cycle life of the active material through ions leaked from the reference's solution. Potassium leakage reduces CuHCF lifespan at high levels but slightly improves it at low levels, while sodium leakage shows weaker effects overall. Sodium‐based reference solutions yield more reliable results, whereas potassium contamination risks misleading measurements.
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publishDate 2025-08-01
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series ChemElectroChem
spelling doaj-art-5a98c8d1a0e24d889b04334b97c4ba692025-08-21T07:07:36ZengWiley-VCHChemElectroChem2196-02162025-08-011216n/an/a10.1002/celc.202500101Interference of the Reference Electrodes’ Leakage on the Aging of Copper Hexacyanoferrate for Aqueous Zn‐Ion BatteriesSara Sfiligoi0Fabio La Mantia1Giorgia Zampardi2Universität Bremen, Energiespeicher‐ und Energiewandlersysteme Bibliothekstraße 1 28359 Bremen GermanyUniversität Bremen, Energiespeicher‐ und Energiewandlersysteme Bibliothekstraße 1 28359 Bremen GermanyUniversität Bremen, Energiespeicher‐ und Energiewandlersysteme Bibliothekstraße 1 28359 Bremen GermanyGlobal warming necessitates sustainable energy storage systems like aqueous Zn‐ion batteries. Copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) is a cost‐effective, easily synthesized cathode material. Generally, a three‐electrode setup containing a reference electrode (e.g., Ag/AgCl or SCE) is used to study the active material. Herein, it is shown that the presence of the reference electrode can interfere with the aging and cycle life of the active material through ions leaked from the reference's solution. Potassium leakage reduces CuHCF lifespan at high levels but slightly improves it at low levels, while sodium leakage shows weaker effects overall. Sodium‐based reference solutions yield more reliable results, whereas potassium contamination risks misleading measurements.https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.202500101aqueous Zn‐ion batteriescopper hexacyanoferrateleakagePrussian blue analoguesreference electrodes
spellingShingle Sara Sfiligoi
Fabio La Mantia
Giorgia Zampardi
Interference of the Reference Electrodes’ Leakage on the Aging of Copper Hexacyanoferrate for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries
ChemElectroChem
aqueous Zn‐ion batteries
copper hexacyanoferrate
leakage
Prussian blue analogues
reference electrodes
title Interference of the Reference Electrodes’ Leakage on the Aging of Copper Hexacyanoferrate for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries
title_full Interference of the Reference Electrodes’ Leakage on the Aging of Copper Hexacyanoferrate for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries
title_fullStr Interference of the Reference Electrodes’ Leakage on the Aging of Copper Hexacyanoferrate for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries
title_full_unstemmed Interference of the Reference Electrodes’ Leakage on the Aging of Copper Hexacyanoferrate for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries
title_short Interference of the Reference Electrodes’ Leakage on the Aging of Copper Hexacyanoferrate for Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries
title_sort interference of the reference electrodes leakage on the aging of copper hexacyanoferrate for aqueous zn ion batteries
topic aqueous Zn‐ion batteries
copper hexacyanoferrate
leakage
Prussian blue analogues
reference electrodes
url https://doi.org/10.1002/celc.202500101
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