Mechanism analysis of the abnormal head-cover vibration of an ultra-high-head pump-turbine operating in pump mode by CFD and FEM

Hydraulic excitation causes abnormal head-cover vibration in some pump-turbines, particularly as design heads continue to rise. Pump-turbines with heads exceeding 600 m have reported such vibrations in pump mode, and it is urgent to reveal the reasons. A study was conducted on a head-cover of a pump...

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Main Authors: Song Xue, Haolin Tian, Yongguang Cheng, Xiaoxia Hou, Ziwu Guan, Weijia Yang, Zhiyuan Wang, Zhaoning Wang, Qiyuan He
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19942060.2024.2351949
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author Song Xue
Haolin Tian
Yongguang Cheng
Xiaoxia Hou
Ziwu Guan
Weijia Yang
Zhiyuan Wang
Zhaoning Wang
Qiyuan He
author_facet Song Xue
Haolin Tian
Yongguang Cheng
Xiaoxia Hou
Ziwu Guan
Weijia Yang
Zhiyuan Wang
Zhaoning Wang
Qiyuan He
author_sort Song Xue
collection DOAJ
description Hydraulic excitation causes abnormal head-cover vibration in some pump-turbines, particularly as design heads continue to rise. Pump-turbines with heads exceeding 600 m have reported such vibrations in pump mode, and it is urgent to reveal the reasons. A study was conducted on a head-cover of a pump-turbine with a maximum head of 660 m by 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element method (FEM) numerical simulations to investigate the hydraulic excitation source and vibration mechanism. Results show that the intensive vibration is related to the coincidence of frequency and mode between abnormal pressure pulsations with frequency 6–8fn and the low-order wet mode of the head-cover. A new flow pattern termed the rolling vortex was discovered in the vaneless space under high-head pumping conditions. The 6–8fn pressure pulsations result from the interaction between rolling vortices and guide-vanes, similar to the rotor-stator interaction. The flow mechanism of the rolling vortices is that the outflow velocity near the hub at the runner outlet is higher than that near the shroud, due to the positive blade lean angle and the X-shape distorted blades. Suppressing rolling vortices may help eliminate the abnormal head-cover vibration, which will be attempted in further study.
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spelling doaj-art-5a7ca6d3115948b69e8e33d9f83973bf2025-08-20T02:37:33ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEngineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics1994-20601997-003X2024-12-0118110.1080/19942060.2024.2351949Mechanism analysis of the abnormal head-cover vibration of an ultra-high-head pump-turbine operating in pump mode by CFD and FEMSong Xue0Haolin Tian1Yongguang Cheng2Xiaoxia Hou3Ziwu Guan4Weijia Yang5Zhiyuan Wang6Zhaoning Wang7Qiyuan He8State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaDongFang Electric Machinery Co., LTD., Deyang, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaDongFang Electric Machinery Co., LTD., Deyang, People’s Republic of ChinaDongFang Electric Machinery Co., LTD., Deyang, People’s Republic of ChinaHydraulic excitation causes abnormal head-cover vibration in some pump-turbines, particularly as design heads continue to rise. Pump-turbines with heads exceeding 600 m have reported such vibrations in pump mode, and it is urgent to reveal the reasons. A study was conducted on a head-cover of a pump-turbine with a maximum head of 660 m by 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element method (FEM) numerical simulations to investigate the hydraulic excitation source and vibration mechanism. Results show that the intensive vibration is related to the coincidence of frequency and mode between abnormal pressure pulsations with frequency 6–8fn and the low-order wet mode of the head-cover. A new flow pattern termed the rolling vortex was discovered in the vaneless space under high-head pumping conditions. The 6–8fn pressure pulsations result from the interaction between rolling vortices and guide-vanes, similar to the rotor-stator interaction. The flow mechanism of the rolling vortices is that the outflow velocity near the hub at the runner outlet is higher than that near the shroud, due to the positive blade lean angle and the X-shape distorted blades. Suppressing rolling vortices may help eliminate the abnormal head-cover vibration, which will be attempted in further study.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19942060.2024.2351949Pump-turbinehead-coverpump modepressure pulsationsflow-induced vibrationnumerical simulation
spellingShingle Song Xue
Haolin Tian
Yongguang Cheng
Xiaoxia Hou
Ziwu Guan
Weijia Yang
Zhiyuan Wang
Zhaoning Wang
Qiyuan He
Mechanism analysis of the abnormal head-cover vibration of an ultra-high-head pump-turbine operating in pump mode by CFD and FEM
Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics
Pump-turbine
head-cover
pump mode
pressure pulsations
flow-induced vibration
numerical simulation
title Mechanism analysis of the abnormal head-cover vibration of an ultra-high-head pump-turbine operating in pump mode by CFD and FEM
title_full Mechanism analysis of the abnormal head-cover vibration of an ultra-high-head pump-turbine operating in pump mode by CFD and FEM
title_fullStr Mechanism analysis of the abnormal head-cover vibration of an ultra-high-head pump-turbine operating in pump mode by CFD and FEM
title_full_unstemmed Mechanism analysis of the abnormal head-cover vibration of an ultra-high-head pump-turbine operating in pump mode by CFD and FEM
title_short Mechanism analysis of the abnormal head-cover vibration of an ultra-high-head pump-turbine operating in pump mode by CFD and FEM
title_sort mechanism analysis of the abnormal head cover vibration of an ultra high head pump turbine operating in pump mode by cfd and fem
topic Pump-turbine
head-cover
pump mode
pressure pulsations
flow-induced vibration
numerical simulation
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19942060.2024.2351949
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