Low Complexity CS/CB Techniques for Aerial Assisted Cellular Network With Imperfect CSI
The inclusion of aerial base stations (ABSs) into cellular networks has many potential benefits, including low-cost network connectivity for remote rural areas and quick deployment to provide coverage in emergencies and enhance capacity at hotspots. However, their strong line-of-sight links exacerba...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Sheila N. Mugala Jonathan Serugunda Dorothy K. Okello |
| author_facet | Sheila N. Mugala Jonathan Serugunda Dorothy K. Okello |
| author_sort | Sheila N. Mugala |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The inclusion of aerial base stations (ABSs) into cellular networks has many potential benefits, including low-cost network connectivity for remote rural areas and quick deployment to provide coverage in emergencies and enhance capacity at hotspots. However, their strong line-of-sight links exacerbate network interference particularly at terrestrial base stations. To mitigate this interference, this paper proposes coordinated scheduling/coordinated beamforming (CS/CB) with low complexity. Through simulations, the performance and complexity for three low complexity beamforming algorithms are compared for a multi antenna aerial assisted cellular network in a rural environment under perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) scenarios. The beamforming algorithms are zero forcing beamforming (ZFBF), block diagonalization using singular value decomposition (BD SVD) and block diagonalization using Householder transformation (BD HH). The results show that CS/CB improves coverage over non coordination. For an 8 antenna system the maximum increment in coverage probability for ZFBF is 16% and 44% for cooperating cluster sizes of 3 and 6 respectively against 29% and 42% for the BD techniques. As the CSI error variance increases from 0.1 to 0.3, the coverage probability drops at a rate of 0.6 for ZFBF and 0.2 for the BD techniques while the average rate deteriorates at 6 Mbps for ZFBF and 2 Mbps for the BD techniques. BD HH gives the lowest overall complexity and together with its resilience to CSI error is the most pragmatic beamforming technique for an aerial assisted cellular network. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5a79129f046349b4bde4dc2cb7c1737b |
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| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
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| spelling | doaj-art-5a79129f046349b4bde4dc2cb7c1737b2025-08-20T02:11:34ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113616516166410.1109/ACCESS.2025.353238410848118Low Complexity CS/CB Techniques for Aerial Assisted Cellular Network With Imperfect CSISheila N. Mugala0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6714-387XJonathan Serugunda1Dorothy K. Okello2Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Makerere University, Kampala, UgandaElectrical and Computer Engineering Department, Makerere University, Kampala, UgandaElectrical and Computer Engineering Department, Makerere University, Kampala, UgandaThe inclusion of aerial base stations (ABSs) into cellular networks has many potential benefits, including low-cost network connectivity for remote rural areas and quick deployment to provide coverage in emergencies and enhance capacity at hotspots. However, their strong line-of-sight links exacerbate network interference particularly at terrestrial base stations. To mitigate this interference, this paper proposes coordinated scheduling/coordinated beamforming (CS/CB) with low complexity. Through simulations, the performance and complexity for three low complexity beamforming algorithms are compared for a multi antenna aerial assisted cellular network in a rural environment under perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) scenarios. The beamforming algorithms are zero forcing beamforming (ZFBF), block diagonalization using singular value decomposition (BD SVD) and block diagonalization using Householder transformation (BD HH). The results show that CS/CB improves coverage over non coordination. For an 8 antenna system the maximum increment in coverage probability for ZFBF is 16% and 44% for cooperating cluster sizes of 3 and 6 respectively against 29% and 42% for the BD techniques. As the CSI error variance increases from 0.1 to 0.3, the coverage probability drops at a rate of 0.6 for ZFBF and 0.2 for the BD techniques while the average rate deteriorates at 6 Mbps for ZFBF and 2 Mbps for the BD techniques. BD HH gives the lowest overall complexity and together with its resilience to CSI error is the most pragmatic beamforming technique for an aerial assisted cellular network.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10848118/Aerial base stationbeamformingblock diagonalisationcoordinated multipointHouseholder transformationzero forcing |
| spellingShingle | Sheila N. Mugala Jonathan Serugunda Dorothy K. Okello Low Complexity CS/CB Techniques for Aerial Assisted Cellular Network With Imperfect CSI IEEE Access Aerial base station beamforming block diagonalisation coordinated multipoint Householder transformation zero forcing |
| title | Low Complexity CS/CB Techniques for Aerial Assisted Cellular Network With Imperfect CSI |
| title_full | Low Complexity CS/CB Techniques for Aerial Assisted Cellular Network With Imperfect CSI |
| title_fullStr | Low Complexity CS/CB Techniques for Aerial Assisted Cellular Network With Imperfect CSI |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low Complexity CS/CB Techniques for Aerial Assisted Cellular Network With Imperfect CSI |
| title_short | Low Complexity CS/CB Techniques for Aerial Assisted Cellular Network With Imperfect CSI |
| title_sort | low complexity cs cb techniques for aerial assisted cellular network with imperfect csi |
| topic | Aerial base station beamforming block diagonalisation coordinated multipoint Householder transformation zero forcing |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10848118/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sheilanmugala lowcomplexitycscbtechniquesforaerialassistedcellularnetworkwithimperfectcsi AT jonathanserugunda lowcomplexitycscbtechniquesforaerialassistedcellularnetworkwithimperfectcsi AT dorothykokello lowcomplexitycscbtechniquesforaerialassistedcellularnetworkwithimperfectcsi |