A causal relationship between type 1 diabetes and risk of systemic sclerosis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

A causal relationship between type 1 diabetes and risk of systemic sclerosis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Abstract Background Previous epidemiological observational studies have indicated an association between type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and systemic sclerosis (SSc). However, the potential causal relationship between T1DM and SSc remains unclear. Therefore, this Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to in...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Haochen Huang, Bo Yu, Fengyun Yu, Zhen-zhen Wu, Dong Xu, Ling-ling Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-06-01
Series:Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
Subjects:
Autoimmune disease
Mendelian randomization
Causal relationship
Type 1 diabetes
Systemic sclerosis
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01743-3
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