Prognosis of Patients With Ischemic Stroke With Prior Anticoagulant Therapy: Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin

Background Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been the drug of choice for preventing ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation since 2014. In previous studies, the stroke risk while taking warfarin was 2 per 100 patient‐years and 1.5% per year while taking DOACs. We hypothesized that...

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Main Authors: Kyeong‐Hyeon Chun, Hancheol Lee, Jung Hwa Hong, Kwon‐Duk Seo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-08-01
Series:Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease
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Online Access:https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.034698
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author Kyeong‐Hyeon Chun
Hancheol Lee
Jung Hwa Hong
Kwon‐Duk Seo
author_facet Kyeong‐Hyeon Chun
Hancheol Lee
Jung Hwa Hong
Kwon‐Duk Seo
author_sort Kyeong‐Hyeon Chun
collection DOAJ
description Background Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been the drug of choice for preventing ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation since 2014. In previous studies, the stroke risk while taking warfarin was 2 per 100 patient‐years and 1.5% per year while taking DOACs. We hypothesized that even if ischemic stroke occurred during anticoagulation therapy with DOACs, the prognosis was likely to be better than that with warfarin. Methods and Results Data from 2002 to 2019, sourced from a nationwide claims database, were used to identify atrial fibrillation patients using International Classification of Diseases codes. Patients who experienced an ischemic stroke during anticoagulation were categorized by the drugs used (warfarin, dabigatran, apixaban, rivaroxaban, and edoxaban). The primary outcome was mortality within 3 months and 1 year after the ischemic stroke. Among the 9578 patients with ischemic stroke during anticoagulation, 3343 received warfarin, and 6235 received DOACs (965 dabigatran, 2320 apixaban, 1702 rivaroxaban, 1248 edoxaban). The DOACs group demonstrated lower risks of 3‐month (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.550, [95% CI, 0.473–0.639]; P<0.0001) and 1‐year mortality (adjusted HR, 0.596 [95% CI, 0.536–0.663]; P<0.0001) than the warfarin group. Apixaban and edoxaban within the DOAC group exhibited particularly reduced 1‐year mortality risk compared with other DOACs (P<0.0001). Conclusions Our study confirmed that DOACs have a better prognosis than warfarin after ischemic stroke. The apixaban and edoxaban groups had a lower risk of death after ischemic stroke than the other DOAC groups.
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spelling doaj-art-5a348a7709fa4f44abe95c5fa65861de2025-08-20T03:10:28ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802024-08-01131510.1161/JAHA.124.034698Prognosis of Patients With Ischemic Stroke With Prior Anticoagulant Therapy: Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus WarfarinKyeong‐Hyeon Chun0Hancheol Lee1Jung Hwa Hong2Kwon‐Duk Seo3Division of Cardiology National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital Goyang Republic of KoreaDivision of Cardiology National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital Goyang Republic of KoreaDepartment of Research and Analysis National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital Goyang KoreaDepartment of Neurology National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital Goyang KoreaBackground Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been the drug of choice for preventing ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation since 2014. In previous studies, the stroke risk while taking warfarin was 2 per 100 patient‐years and 1.5% per year while taking DOACs. We hypothesized that even if ischemic stroke occurred during anticoagulation therapy with DOACs, the prognosis was likely to be better than that with warfarin. Methods and Results Data from 2002 to 2019, sourced from a nationwide claims database, were used to identify atrial fibrillation patients using International Classification of Diseases codes. Patients who experienced an ischemic stroke during anticoagulation were categorized by the drugs used (warfarin, dabigatran, apixaban, rivaroxaban, and edoxaban). The primary outcome was mortality within 3 months and 1 year after the ischemic stroke. Among the 9578 patients with ischemic stroke during anticoagulation, 3343 received warfarin, and 6235 received DOACs (965 dabigatran, 2320 apixaban, 1702 rivaroxaban, 1248 edoxaban). The DOACs group demonstrated lower risks of 3‐month (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.550, [95% CI, 0.473–0.639]; P<0.0001) and 1‐year mortality (adjusted HR, 0.596 [95% CI, 0.536–0.663]; P<0.0001) than the warfarin group. Apixaban and edoxaban within the DOAC group exhibited particularly reduced 1‐year mortality risk compared with other DOACs (P<0.0001). Conclusions Our study confirmed that DOACs have a better prognosis than warfarin after ischemic stroke. The apixaban and edoxaban groups had a lower risk of death after ischemic stroke than the other DOAC groups.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.034698anticoagulantsatrial fibrillationdirect oral anticoagulantischemic strokemortality
spellingShingle Kyeong‐Hyeon Chun
Hancheol Lee
Jung Hwa Hong
Kwon‐Duk Seo
Prognosis of Patients With Ischemic Stroke With Prior Anticoagulant Therapy: Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin
Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease
anticoagulants
atrial fibrillation
direct oral anticoagulant
ischemic stroke
mortality
title Prognosis of Patients With Ischemic Stroke With Prior Anticoagulant Therapy: Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin
title_full Prognosis of Patients With Ischemic Stroke With Prior Anticoagulant Therapy: Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin
title_fullStr Prognosis of Patients With Ischemic Stroke With Prior Anticoagulant Therapy: Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin
title_full_unstemmed Prognosis of Patients With Ischemic Stroke With Prior Anticoagulant Therapy: Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin
title_short Prognosis of Patients With Ischemic Stroke With Prior Anticoagulant Therapy: Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin
title_sort prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke with prior anticoagulant therapy direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin
topic anticoagulants
atrial fibrillation
direct oral anticoagulant
ischemic stroke
mortality
url https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.124.034698
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