Association between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes, neonatal birth weight, and maternal postpartum glucose tolerance in Japanese gestational diabetes mellitus patients: comparison of old and new gestational weight gain standards
In Japan, the guidelines for gestational weight gain (GWG) were revised in 2021. Under the new guidelines, pregnant women are recommended to increase their GWG. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), large for gestational age (LGA), and postpartum gl...
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The Japan Endocrine Society
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Endocrine Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/endocrj/72/5/72_EJ24-0486/_html/-char/en |
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| author | Akiho Yamashita Masayuki Kaku Takuya Ideguchi Shuhei Nishida Hiroyuki Kinoshita Takeshi Nishikawa |
| author_facet | Akiho Yamashita Masayuki Kaku Takuya Ideguchi Shuhei Nishida Hiroyuki Kinoshita Takeshi Nishikawa |
| author_sort | Akiho Yamashita |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In Japan, the guidelines for gestational weight gain (GWG) were revised in 2021. Under the new guidelines, pregnant women are recommended to increase their GWG. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), large for gestational age (LGA), and postpartum glucose tolerance in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients before and after the revised GWG standards. This retrospective cohort study enrolled 1,021 GDM patients who underwent prenatal glycemic control and a postpartum 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. The endpoint was the incidence of APOs, LGA, and postpartum impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus (DM). There was no significant difference in the incidence of APOs and postpartum IGT and DM in GDM patients before and after the revised GWG standards. On the other hand, when the new GWG standards were applied to GDM patients, the incidence of LGA increased (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]; 1.764, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.180–2.637). In particular, when classified by pre-pregnancy body mass index, the incidence of LGA increased in the obese group (aOR; 5.944, 95% CI; 1.847–19.129). Future prospective cohort studies are needed to verify the efficacy and safety of appropriate GWG in Japanese GDM patients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5a1e18f7a6774a388ff3391c52d8ee33 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1348-4540 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | The Japan Endocrine Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Endocrine Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-5a1e18f7a6774a388ff3391c52d8ee332025-08-20T03:54:32ZengThe Japan Endocrine SocietyEndocrine Journal1348-45402025-05-0172550952410.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0486endocrjAssociation between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes, neonatal birth weight, and maternal postpartum glucose tolerance in Japanese gestational diabetes mellitus patients: comparison of old and new gestational weight gain standardsAkiho Yamashita0Masayuki Kaku1Takuya Ideguchi2Shuhei Nishida3Hiroyuki Kinoshita4Takeshi Nishikawa5Department of Nutrition, NHO Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto 860-0008, JapanDepartment of Nutrition, NHO Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto 860-0008, JapanDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, NHO Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto 860-0008, JapanDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, NHO Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto 860-0008, JapanDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, NHO Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto 860-0008, JapanDepartment of International Medical Cooperation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, JapanIn Japan, the guidelines for gestational weight gain (GWG) were revised in 2021. Under the new guidelines, pregnant women are recommended to increase their GWG. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), large for gestational age (LGA), and postpartum glucose tolerance in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients before and after the revised GWG standards. This retrospective cohort study enrolled 1,021 GDM patients who underwent prenatal glycemic control and a postpartum 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. The endpoint was the incidence of APOs, LGA, and postpartum impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus (DM). There was no significant difference in the incidence of APOs and postpartum IGT and DM in GDM patients before and after the revised GWG standards. On the other hand, when the new GWG standards were applied to GDM patients, the incidence of LGA increased (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]; 1.764, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.180–2.637). In particular, when classified by pre-pregnancy body mass index, the incidence of LGA increased in the obese group (aOR; 5.944, 95% CI; 1.847–19.129). Future prospective cohort studies are needed to verify the efficacy and safety of appropriate GWG in Japanese GDM patients.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/endocrj/72/5/72_EJ24-0486/_html/-char/engestational diabetes mellitusgestational weight gainlarge for gestational agebody mass indexpregnancy |
| spellingShingle | Akiho Yamashita Masayuki Kaku Takuya Ideguchi Shuhei Nishida Hiroyuki Kinoshita Takeshi Nishikawa Association between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes, neonatal birth weight, and maternal postpartum glucose tolerance in Japanese gestational diabetes mellitus patients: comparison of old and new gestational weight gain standards Endocrine Journal gestational diabetes mellitus gestational weight gain large for gestational age body mass index pregnancy |
| title | Association between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes, neonatal birth weight, and maternal postpartum glucose tolerance in Japanese gestational diabetes mellitus patients: comparison of old and new gestational weight gain standards |
| title_full | Association between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes, neonatal birth weight, and maternal postpartum glucose tolerance in Japanese gestational diabetes mellitus patients: comparison of old and new gestational weight gain standards |
| title_fullStr | Association between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes, neonatal birth weight, and maternal postpartum glucose tolerance in Japanese gestational diabetes mellitus patients: comparison of old and new gestational weight gain standards |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes, neonatal birth weight, and maternal postpartum glucose tolerance in Japanese gestational diabetes mellitus patients: comparison of old and new gestational weight gain standards |
| title_short | Association between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes, neonatal birth weight, and maternal postpartum glucose tolerance in Japanese gestational diabetes mellitus patients: comparison of old and new gestational weight gain standards |
| title_sort | association between gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes neonatal birth weight and maternal postpartum glucose tolerance in japanese gestational diabetes mellitus patients comparison of old and new gestational weight gain standards |
| topic | gestational diabetes mellitus gestational weight gain large for gestational age body mass index pregnancy |
| url | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/endocrj/72/5/72_EJ24-0486/_html/-char/en |
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