Moringa (Moringa oleifera) green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for the drought tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Abstract The increasing impacts of climate change, global warming, and water scarcity are intensifying drought risk and compromising global food security. To mitigate these challenges, green-synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) derived from plant extracts have recently emerged as an innovative tool for e...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-05-01
|
| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06708-2 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849325952937492480 |
|---|---|
| author | Rania El-Tanbouly Mahmoud A. Gaber Sara Omran Nada yahia Ahmed Alaa Nader Ali Asmaa Hassan Saleh Aya Mohamed Ramadan Elgamal Nadin Khafaji Sarah EL-Messeiry |
| author_facet | Rania El-Tanbouly Mahmoud A. Gaber Sara Omran Nada yahia Ahmed Alaa Nader Ali Asmaa Hassan Saleh Aya Mohamed Ramadan Elgamal Nadin Khafaji Sarah EL-Messeiry |
| author_sort | Rania El-Tanbouly |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The increasing impacts of climate change, global warming, and water scarcity are intensifying drought risk and compromising global food security. To mitigate these challenges, green-synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) derived from plant extracts have recently emerged as an innovative tool for enhancing crop resilience to abiotic stresses such as drought. Moringa enables eco-friendly nanoparticle production with diverse uses. Although Moringa enhances plant traits and its NPs have antimicrobial properties, limited research exists on their ability to improve plant tolerance to abiotic stress. Here, we investigated the potential of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles synthesized from Moringa plant extracts to alleviate drought stress in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum). The Moringa-based CuO NPs were characterized via UV‒Vis spectrophotometry, Zeta potential, FTIR, SEM, and TEM. Foliar applications of the NPs at various concentrations (3, 6, and 9 mg/L) were tested on tomato seedlings under normal and drought-induced conditions (10% PEG), alongside two controls: non-stressed control (water treatment) and drought stress control (PEG treatment). Physiological assessments showed that 6 mg/L Moringa-based CuO NPs were most effective under drought stress, significantly reducing leaf yellowing and increasing shoot length by 11%, root length by 21%, total dry biomass by 34% increase, and total chlorophyll content by 32% increase at (p < 0.05) compared to the drought stress control. Furthermore, at the molecular level, gene expression analysis revealed the upregulation of PAL, CHS, and HQT, which are genes critical to the stress response and secondary metabolism in tomato plants. Notably, the combination of CuO NPs with PEG amplified gene expression, indicating a synergistic effect on improving drought tolerance. These findings highlight the potential of the use of Moringa-synthesized CuO nanoparticles as a sustainable, eco-friendly strategy to mitigate drought stress in economic crops such as tomatoes. This new green approach offers a promising solution for bolstering food security in the face of climate change and water scarcity challenges. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5a1b00da04304d13be95f78175c106fc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-5a1b00da04304d13be95f78175c106fc2025-08-20T03:48:15ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292025-05-0125111510.1186/s12870-025-06708-2Moringa (Moringa oleifera) green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for the drought tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)Rania El-Tanbouly0Mahmoud A. Gaber1Sara Omran2Nada yahia Ahmed3Alaa Nader Ali4Asmaa Hassan Saleh5Aya Mohamed Ramadan Elgamal6Nadin Khafaji7Sarah EL-Messeiry8Department of Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Design, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria UniversityDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria UniversityAbstract The increasing impacts of climate change, global warming, and water scarcity are intensifying drought risk and compromising global food security. To mitigate these challenges, green-synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) derived from plant extracts have recently emerged as an innovative tool for enhancing crop resilience to abiotic stresses such as drought. Moringa enables eco-friendly nanoparticle production with diverse uses. Although Moringa enhances plant traits and its NPs have antimicrobial properties, limited research exists on their ability to improve plant tolerance to abiotic stress. Here, we investigated the potential of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles synthesized from Moringa plant extracts to alleviate drought stress in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum). The Moringa-based CuO NPs were characterized via UV‒Vis spectrophotometry, Zeta potential, FTIR, SEM, and TEM. Foliar applications of the NPs at various concentrations (3, 6, and 9 mg/L) were tested on tomato seedlings under normal and drought-induced conditions (10% PEG), alongside two controls: non-stressed control (water treatment) and drought stress control (PEG treatment). Physiological assessments showed that 6 mg/L Moringa-based CuO NPs were most effective under drought stress, significantly reducing leaf yellowing and increasing shoot length by 11%, root length by 21%, total dry biomass by 34% increase, and total chlorophyll content by 32% increase at (p < 0.05) compared to the drought stress control. Furthermore, at the molecular level, gene expression analysis revealed the upregulation of PAL, CHS, and HQT, which are genes critical to the stress response and secondary metabolism in tomato plants. Notably, the combination of CuO NPs with PEG amplified gene expression, indicating a synergistic effect on improving drought tolerance. These findings highlight the potential of the use of Moringa-synthesized CuO nanoparticles as a sustainable, eco-friendly strategy to mitigate drought stress in economic crops such as tomatoes. This new green approach offers a promising solution for bolstering food security in the face of climate change and water scarcity challenges.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06708-2NanoparticleMoringaDroughtTomatoPlant extractqRT‒PCR |
| spellingShingle | Rania El-Tanbouly Mahmoud A. Gaber Sara Omran Nada yahia Ahmed Alaa Nader Ali Asmaa Hassan Saleh Aya Mohamed Ramadan Elgamal Nadin Khafaji Sarah EL-Messeiry Moringa (Moringa oleifera) green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for the drought tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) BMC Plant Biology Nanoparticle Moringa Drought Tomato Plant extract qRT‒PCR |
| title | Moringa (Moringa oleifera) green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for the drought tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) |
| title_full | Moringa (Moringa oleifera) green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for the drought tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) |
| title_fullStr | Moringa (Moringa oleifera) green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for the drought tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Moringa (Moringa oleifera) green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for the drought tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) |
| title_short | Moringa (Moringa oleifera) green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for the drought tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) |
| title_sort | moringa moringa oleifera green synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for the drought tolerance of tomato solanum lycopersicum |
| topic | Nanoparticle Moringa Drought Tomato Plant extract qRT‒PCR |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06708-2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT raniaeltanbouly moringamoringaoleiferagreensynthesizedcopperoxidenanoparticlesforthedroughttoleranceoftomatosolanumlycopersicum AT mahmoudagaber moringamoringaoleiferagreensynthesizedcopperoxidenanoparticlesforthedroughttoleranceoftomatosolanumlycopersicum AT saraomran moringamoringaoleiferagreensynthesizedcopperoxidenanoparticlesforthedroughttoleranceoftomatosolanumlycopersicum AT nadayahiaahmed moringamoringaoleiferagreensynthesizedcopperoxidenanoparticlesforthedroughttoleranceoftomatosolanumlycopersicum AT alaanaderali moringamoringaoleiferagreensynthesizedcopperoxidenanoparticlesforthedroughttoleranceoftomatosolanumlycopersicum AT asmaahassansaleh moringamoringaoleiferagreensynthesizedcopperoxidenanoparticlesforthedroughttoleranceoftomatosolanumlycopersicum AT ayamohamedramadanelgamal moringamoringaoleiferagreensynthesizedcopperoxidenanoparticlesforthedroughttoleranceoftomatosolanumlycopersicum AT nadinkhafaji moringamoringaoleiferagreensynthesizedcopperoxidenanoparticlesforthedroughttoleranceoftomatosolanumlycopersicum AT sarahelmesseiry moringamoringaoleiferagreensynthesizedcopperoxidenanoparticlesforthedroughttoleranceoftomatosolanumlycopersicum |