Maize leaves salt-responsive genes revealed by comparative transcriptome of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars during the seedling stage

Maize (Zea mays) is a crop of significant global importance, yet its productivity is considerably hindered by salt stress. In this study, we investigated two maize cultivars, one exhibiting high salt tolerance (ST) and the other showing salt sensitivity (SS) at the seedling stage. The ST cultivar de...

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Main Authors: Mingfang Ji, Sirui Xu, Zhongxian Ma, Chengnan Xiao, Jiangting Xu, Yanfang Zhu, Ronghao Cai, Chen Bo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: PeerJ Inc. 2025-04-01
Series:PeerJ
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Online Access:https://peerj.com/articles/19268.pdf
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author Mingfang Ji
Sirui Xu
Zhongxian Ma
Chengnan Xiao
Jiangting Xu
Yanfang Zhu
Ronghao Cai
Chen Bo
author_facet Mingfang Ji
Sirui Xu
Zhongxian Ma
Chengnan Xiao
Jiangting Xu
Yanfang Zhu
Ronghao Cai
Chen Bo
author_sort Mingfang Ji
collection DOAJ
description Maize (Zea mays) is a crop of significant global importance, yet its productivity is considerably hindered by salt stress. In this study, we investigated two maize cultivars, one exhibiting high salt tolerance (ST) and the other showing salt sensitivity (SS) at the seedling stage. The ST cultivar demonstrated superior seedling survival rates, higher relative water content, and lower electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde levels in its leaves after both 3-day and 7-day salt treatments, when compared to the SS cultivar. To explore the molecular basis of these differences, we performed comparative transcriptome sequencing under varying salt treatment durations. A total of 980 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis of DEGs indicated that the oxidation-reduction process, phosphorylation, plasma membrane, transferase activity, metal ion binding, kinase activity, protein kinase activity and oxidoreductase activity process is deeply involved in the response of ST and SS maize varieties to salt stress. Further analysis highlighted differences in the regulatory patterns of transcription factors encoded by the DEGs between the ST and SS cultivars. Notably, transcription factor families such as AP2/ERF, bZIP, MYB, and WRKY were found to play crucial roles in the salt stress regulatory network of maize. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying salt stress tolerance in maize seedlings.
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spelling doaj-art-59f917575fae4f25b3faeb951b05267b2025-08-20T03:03:34ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592025-04-0113e1926810.7717/peerj.19268Maize leaves salt-responsive genes revealed by comparative transcriptome of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars during the seedling stageMingfang Ji0Sirui Xu1Zhongxian Ma2Chengnan Xiao3Jiangting Xu4Yanfang Zhu5Ronghao Cai6Chen Bo7Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, ChinaAnhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, ChinaAnhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, ChinaAnhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, ChinaAnhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, ChinaAnhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, ChinaMaize (Zea mays) is a crop of significant global importance, yet its productivity is considerably hindered by salt stress. In this study, we investigated two maize cultivars, one exhibiting high salt tolerance (ST) and the other showing salt sensitivity (SS) at the seedling stage. The ST cultivar demonstrated superior seedling survival rates, higher relative water content, and lower electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde levels in its leaves after both 3-day and 7-day salt treatments, when compared to the SS cultivar. To explore the molecular basis of these differences, we performed comparative transcriptome sequencing under varying salt treatment durations. A total of 980 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis of DEGs indicated that the oxidation-reduction process, phosphorylation, plasma membrane, transferase activity, metal ion binding, kinase activity, protein kinase activity and oxidoreductase activity process is deeply involved in the response of ST and SS maize varieties to salt stress. Further analysis highlighted differences in the regulatory patterns of transcription factors encoded by the DEGs between the ST and SS cultivars. Notably, transcription factor families such as AP2/ERF, bZIP, MYB, and WRKY were found to play crucial roles in the salt stress regulatory network of maize. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying salt stress tolerance in maize seedlings.https://peerj.com/articles/19268.pdfMaize seedling leavesSalt stressRNA sequencingSalt toleranceDifferentially expressed genes
spellingShingle Mingfang Ji
Sirui Xu
Zhongxian Ma
Chengnan Xiao
Jiangting Xu
Yanfang Zhu
Ronghao Cai
Chen Bo
Maize leaves salt-responsive genes revealed by comparative transcriptome of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars during the seedling stage
PeerJ
Maize seedling leaves
Salt stress
RNA sequencing
Salt tolerance
Differentially expressed genes
title Maize leaves salt-responsive genes revealed by comparative transcriptome of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars during the seedling stage
title_full Maize leaves salt-responsive genes revealed by comparative transcriptome of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars during the seedling stage
title_fullStr Maize leaves salt-responsive genes revealed by comparative transcriptome of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars during the seedling stage
title_full_unstemmed Maize leaves salt-responsive genes revealed by comparative transcriptome of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars during the seedling stage
title_short Maize leaves salt-responsive genes revealed by comparative transcriptome of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars during the seedling stage
title_sort maize leaves salt responsive genes revealed by comparative transcriptome of salt tolerant and salt sensitive cultivars during the seedling stage
topic Maize seedling leaves
Salt stress
RNA sequencing
Salt tolerance
Differentially expressed genes
url https://peerj.com/articles/19268.pdf
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