Boosting Therapeutic Effect of Turmeric, Coffee, and Chili Extracts Through Experimental Design and Encapsulation as Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Novel Heath Supplements
This study investigates the potential synergistic effects of extracts from <i>Curcuma longa</i> (turmeric), <i>Coffea arabica</i> (Arabica coffee beans), and <i>Capsicum annuum</i> (chili peppers) in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, which are associated...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/236 |
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| author | Pratchaya Tipduangta Phennapha Saokham Jutamas Jiaranaikulwanitch Siriporn Okonogi Chadarat Ampasavate Kanokwan Kiattisin |
| author_facet | Pratchaya Tipduangta Phennapha Saokham Jutamas Jiaranaikulwanitch Siriporn Okonogi Chadarat Ampasavate Kanokwan Kiattisin |
| author_sort | Pratchaya Tipduangta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigates the potential synergistic effects of extracts from <i>Curcuma longa</i> (turmeric), <i>Coffea arabica</i> (Arabica coffee beans), and <i>Capsicum annuum</i> (chili peppers) in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, which are associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Using a systematic design of experiment (DoE) optimization approach, an optimal extract ratio of 1:3:4 (turmeric: coffee: chili) was identified. The efficacy of the extract combination was assessed through various antioxidant assays, inhibition of inflammation-related gene expression, and safety testing via the 3-(4,5-dimethylthazolk-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The extract combination showed higher antioxidant activity and comparable anti-inflammatory effects relative to each single extract. Additionally, the extract combination demonstrated effective activity compared with turmeric extract while using a lower concentration, resulting in reduced cytotoxicity. The optimized extract combination was successfully incorporated into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) with a hydrodynamic diameter of 258.0 ± 10.2 nm, which effectively redisperses after the spray-drying process with increased diameter to 349.8 ± 49.6 nm. Under stress conditions, the stability of curcumin and capsaicin in dried-NLCs was maintained. In summary, the optimized extract-loaded NLCs formulation, achieved through a multistage approach, shows promise in mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, suggesting its potential as a valuable daily dietary supplement. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-59ddfa1f126d49e6ba35931c1378d306 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-59ddfa1f126d49e6ba35931c1378d3062025-01-24T13:46:52ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-01-0114223610.3390/plants14020236Boosting Therapeutic Effect of Turmeric, Coffee, and Chili Extracts Through Experimental Design and Encapsulation as Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Novel Heath SupplementsPratchaya Tipduangta0Phennapha Saokham1Jutamas Jiaranaikulwanitch2Siriporn Okonogi3Chadarat Ampasavate4Kanokwan Kiattisin5Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandThis study investigates the potential synergistic effects of extracts from <i>Curcuma longa</i> (turmeric), <i>Coffea arabica</i> (Arabica coffee beans), and <i>Capsicum annuum</i> (chili peppers) in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, which are associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Using a systematic design of experiment (DoE) optimization approach, an optimal extract ratio of 1:3:4 (turmeric: coffee: chili) was identified. The efficacy of the extract combination was assessed through various antioxidant assays, inhibition of inflammation-related gene expression, and safety testing via the 3-(4,5-dimethylthazolk-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The extract combination showed higher antioxidant activity and comparable anti-inflammatory effects relative to each single extract. Additionally, the extract combination demonstrated effective activity compared with turmeric extract while using a lower concentration, resulting in reduced cytotoxicity. The optimized extract combination was successfully incorporated into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) with a hydrodynamic diameter of 258.0 ± 10.2 nm, which effectively redisperses after the spray-drying process with increased diameter to 349.8 ± 49.6 nm. Under stress conditions, the stability of curcumin and capsaicin in dried-NLCs was maintained. In summary, the optimized extract-loaded NLCs formulation, achieved through a multistage approach, shows promise in mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, suggesting its potential as a valuable daily dietary supplement.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/236curcumincapsaicincoffeedesign of experiment (DoE)nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs)antioxidant |
| spellingShingle | Pratchaya Tipduangta Phennapha Saokham Jutamas Jiaranaikulwanitch Siriporn Okonogi Chadarat Ampasavate Kanokwan Kiattisin Boosting Therapeutic Effect of Turmeric, Coffee, and Chili Extracts Through Experimental Design and Encapsulation as Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Novel Heath Supplements Plants curcumin capsaicin coffee design of experiment (DoE) nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) antioxidant |
| title | Boosting Therapeutic Effect of Turmeric, Coffee, and Chili Extracts Through Experimental Design and Encapsulation as Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Novel Heath Supplements |
| title_full | Boosting Therapeutic Effect of Turmeric, Coffee, and Chili Extracts Through Experimental Design and Encapsulation as Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Novel Heath Supplements |
| title_fullStr | Boosting Therapeutic Effect of Turmeric, Coffee, and Chili Extracts Through Experimental Design and Encapsulation as Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Novel Heath Supplements |
| title_full_unstemmed | Boosting Therapeutic Effect of Turmeric, Coffee, and Chili Extracts Through Experimental Design and Encapsulation as Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Novel Heath Supplements |
| title_short | Boosting Therapeutic Effect of Turmeric, Coffee, and Chili Extracts Through Experimental Design and Encapsulation as Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Novel Heath Supplements |
| title_sort | boosting therapeutic effect of turmeric coffee and chili extracts through experimental design and encapsulation as nanostructured lipid carriers for novel heath supplements |
| topic | curcumin capsaicin coffee design of experiment (DoE) nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) antioxidant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/236 |
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