Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) Germplasm
Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) is a promising oilseed crop with potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors. Understanding the oil content and fatty acid composition of safflower germplasm is crucial for breeding programs aimed at enhancing its...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Cemal Kurt Muhammad Tanveer Altaf Waqas Liaqat Muhammad Azhar Nadeem Ayşe Nuran Çil Faheem Shehzad Baloch |
| author_facet | Cemal Kurt Muhammad Tanveer Altaf Waqas Liaqat Muhammad Azhar Nadeem Ayşe Nuran Çil Faheem Shehzad Baloch |
| author_sort | Cemal Kurt |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) is a promising oilseed crop with potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors. Understanding the oil content and fatty acid composition of safflower germplasm is crucial for breeding programs aimed at enhancing its agronomic and nutritional traits. This study assessed the oil content and fatty acid composition in 87 safflower accessions. Significant variations were observed, with the oil content ranging from 36.88% to 18.44%. Genotype Egypt 1 exhibited the highest oil content. Among fatty acids, China 1 had the highest myristic acid (0.170%) content, while Remzibey had the lowest (0.100%). Palmitic acid ranged from 6.13% to 8.20%, with Egypt 3 and Bangladesh 3 at the extremes. For palmitoleic acid, Jordan 5 had the highest content (0.53%) and Bangladesh 2/Portugal 2 the lowest (0.03%). Linoleic acid varied from 37.7% (China 7) to 77.73% (Iran 1). A correlation analysis indicated strong positive correlations between protein and oil content, as well as between palmitic and myristic acids, and between palmitic and linoleic acids. Conversely, protein exhibited highly negative correlations with myristic, palmitic, and palmitoleic acids. The protein percentage showed a high heritability but a low genetic advance, while palmitic acid, oil percentage, stearic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, and oleic acid showed a high heritability and a moderate genetic advance as a percentage of the mean. These findings can aid in developing cultivars with enhanced fatty acids, oil quality, and nutritional value, facilitating sustainable production for a wide range of industrial applications. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj-art-59ddcf6947b64e00accaf42b483d11972025-01-24T13:33:04ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-01-0114226410.3390/foods14020264Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) GermplasmCemal Kurt0Muhammad Tanveer Altaf1Waqas Liaqat2Muhammad Azhar Nadeem3Ayşe Nuran Çil4Faheem Shehzad Baloch5Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Adana 01330, TürkiyeDepartment of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize 53300, TürkiyeDepartment of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Adana 01330, TürkiyeDepartment of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas 58140, TürkiyeEastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute, Adana 01321, TürkiyeDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mersin University, Yenişehir, Mersin 33343, TürkiyeSafflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) is a promising oilseed crop with potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors. Understanding the oil content and fatty acid composition of safflower germplasm is crucial for breeding programs aimed at enhancing its agronomic and nutritional traits. This study assessed the oil content and fatty acid composition in 87 safflower accessions. Significant variations were observed, with the oil content ranging from 36.88% to 18.44%. Genotype Egypt 1 exhibited the highest oil content. Among fatty acids, China 1 had the highest myristic acid (0.170%) content, while Remzibey had the lowest (0.100%). Palmitic acid ranged from 6.13% to 8.20%, with Egypt 3 and Bangladesh 3 at the extremes. For palmitoleic acid, Jordan 5 had the highest content (0.53%) and Bangladesh 2/Portugal 2 the lowest (0.03%). Linoleic acid varied from 37.7% (China 7) to 77.73% (Iran 1). A correlation analysis indicated strong positive correlations between protein and oil content, as well as between palmitic and myristic acids, and between palmitic and linoleic acids. Conversely, protein exhibited highly negative correlations with myristic, palmitic, and palmitoleic acids. The protein percentage showed a high heritability but a low genetic advance, while palmitic acid, oil percentage, stearic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, and oleic acid showed a high heritability and a moderate genetic advance as a percentage of the mean. These findings can aid in developing cultivars with enhanced fatty acids, oil quality, and nutritional value, facilitating sustainable production for a wide range of industrial applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/2/264safflowerfatty acidoil contentlinoleic acidgermplasm diversitybreeding programs |
| spellingShingle | Cemal Kurt Muhammad Tanveer Altaf Waqas Liaqat Muhammad Azhar Nadeem Ayşe Nuran Çil Faheem Shehzad Baloch Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) Germplasm Foods safflower fatty acid oil content linoleic acid germplasm diversity breeding programs |
| title | Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) Germplasm |
| title_full | Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) Germplasm |
| title_fullStr | Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) Germplasm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) Germplasm |
| title_short | Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) Germplasm |
| title_sort | oil content and fatty acid composition of safflower i carthamus tinctorius i l germplasm |
| topic | safflower fatty acid oil content linoleic acid germplasm diversity breeding programs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/2/264 |
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