The ocean flows downhill near the seafloor and recirculates upward above

Abstract The ocean’s circulation redistributes heat, salt, biota, dissolved gases, microplastics, and sediments on Earth. The abyssal ocean, in the lowest 1000 m above the seafloor, moves on average with the deeper seafloor to its left in the Northern Hemisphere and to its right in the Southern Hemi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: René Schubert, Jonathan Gula, Esther Capó, Pierre Damien, M. Jeroen Molemaker, Clément Vic, James C. McWilliams
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61027-2
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849334414276820992
author René Schubert
Jonathan Gula
Esther Capó
Pierre Damien
M. Jeroen Molemaker
Clément Vic
James C. McWilliams
author_facet René Schubert
Jonathan Gula
Esther Capó
Pierre Damien
M. Jeroen Molemaker
Clément Vic
James C. McWilliams
author_sort René Schubert
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The ocean’s circulation redistributes heat, salt, biota, dissolved gases, microplastics, and sediments on Earth. The abyssal ocean, in the lowest 1000 m above the seafloor, moves on average with the deeper seafloor to its left in the Northern Hemisphere and to its right in the Southern Hemisphere. This finding has received little attention and its consequences for the abyssal vertical circulation have remained largely unexplored. Here, we show, using current-meter measurements and numerical simulations, that the interior flow, $${{{\mathcal{O}}}}$$ O (100 m) - $${{{\mathcal{O}}}}$$ O (1000 m) above the seafloor, is deflected within the bottom boundary layer, the lowest $${{{\mathcal{O}}}}$$ O (10 m), into a widespread downhill flow. This flow intensifies with the steepness of the seafloor. We further reveal that typical local changes in seafloor steepness lead to a shallow divergence and a deep convergence of this downhill flow. These are connected by an overlying upward recirculation forming closed overturning cells that extend on average over the lowest 1000 m of the ocean. Our study improves the understanding of the oceanic abyssal circulation and the climate-relevant overturning. Future research should focus on quantifying the transports of heat, particles, and dissolved chemicals associated with these abyssal slope overturning cells.
format Article
id doaj-art-59cd4f24cd0a47258847ff177f571360
institution Kabale University
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-59cd4f24cd0a47258847ff177f5713602025-08-20T03:45:35ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-0116111410.1038/s41467-025-61027-2The ocean flows downhill near the seafloor and recirculates upward aboveRené Schubert0Jonathan Gula1Esther Capó2Pierre Damien3M. Jeroen Molemaker4Clément Vic5James C. McWilliams6Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IUEMUniv Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IUEMUCLAUCLAUCLAUniv Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IUEMUCLAAbstract The ocean’s circulation redistributes heat, salt, biota, dissolved gases, microplastics, and sediments on Earth. The abyssal ocean, in the lowest 1000 m above the seafloor, moves on average with the deeper seafloor to its left in the Northern Hemisphere and to its right in the Southern Hemisphere. This finding has received little attention and its consequences for the abyssal vertical circulation have remained largely unexplored. Here, we show, using current-meter measurements and numerical simulations, that the interior flow, $${{{\mathcal{O}}}}$$ O (100 m) - $${{{\mathcal{O}}}}$$ O (1000 m) above the seafloor, is deflected within the bottom boundary layer, the lowest $${{{\mathcal{O}}}}$$ O (10 m), into a widespread downhill flow. This flow intensifies with the steepness of the seafloor. We further reveal that typical local changes in seafloor steepness lead to a shallow divergence and a deep convergence of this downhill flow. These are connected by an overlying upward recirculation forming closed overturning cells that extend on average over the lowest 1000 m of the ocean. Our study improves the understanding of the oceanic abyssal circulation and the climate-relevant overturning. Future research should focus on quantifying the transports of heat, particles, and dissolved chemicals associated with these abyssal slope overturning cells.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61027-2
spellingShingle René Schubert
Jonathan Gula
Esther Capó
Pierre Damien
M. Jeroen Molemaker
Clément Vic
James C. McWilliams
The ocean flows downhill near the seafloor and recirculates upward above
Nature Communications
title The ocean flows downhill near the seafloor and recirculates upward above
title_full The ocean flows downhill near the seafloor and recirculates upward above
title_fullStr The ocean flows downhill near the seafloor and recirculates upward above
title_full_unstemmed The ocean flows downhill near the seafloor and recirculates upward above
title_short The ocean flows downhill near the seafloor and recirculates upward above
title_sort ocean flows downhill near the seafloor and recirculates upward above
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61027-2
work_keys_str_mv AT reneschubert theoceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT jonathangula theoceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT esthercapo theoceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT pierredamien theoceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT mjeroenmolemaker theoceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT clementvic theoceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT jamescmcwilliams theoceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT reneschubert oceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT jonathangula oceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT esthercapo oceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT pierredamien oceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT mjeroenmolemaker oceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT clementvic oceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove
AT jamescmcwilliams oceanflowsdownhillneartheseafloorandrecirculatesupwardabove