Dissolved Concentrations, Sources, and Risk Evaluation of Selected Metals in Surface Water from Mangla Lake, Pakistan

The present study is carried out for the assessment of water quality parameters and selected metals levels in surface water from Mangla Lake, Pakistan. The metal levels (Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn) were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Avera...

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Main Authors: Muhammad Saleem, Javed Iqbal, Munir H. Shah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2014-01-01
Series:The Scientific World Journal
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/948396
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author Muhammad Saleem
Javed Iqbal
Munir H. Shah
author_facet Muhammad Saleem
Javed Iqbal
Munir H. Shah
author_sort Muhammad Saleem
collection DOAJ
description The present study is carried out for the assessment of water quality parameters and selected metals levels in surface water from Mangla Lake, Pakistan. The metal levels (Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn) were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Average levels of Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pb were higher than the allowable concentrations set by national and international agencies. Principal component analysis indicated significant anthropogenic contributions of Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pb in the water reservoir. Noncarcinogenic risk assessment was then evaluated using Hazard Quotient HQing/derm and Hazard Index HIing/derm following USEPA methodology. For adults and children, Cd, Co, Cr, and Pb HQing>1 emerged as the most important pollutants leading to noncarcinogenic concerns via ingestion route, whereas there was no risk via dermal contact of surface water. This study helps in establishing pollutant loading reduction goal and the total maximum daily loads, and consequently contributes to preserve public health and develop water conservation strategy.
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institution Kabale University
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publishDate 2014-01-01
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spelling doaj-art-59cd0c0958dd4af68bce8b693967c0392025-08-20T03:34:26ZengWileyThe Scientific World Journal2356-61401537-744X2014-01-01201410.1155/2014/948396948396Dissolved Concentrations, Sources, and Risk Evaluation of Selected Metals in Surface Water from Mangla Lake, PakistanMuhammad Saleem0Javed Iqbal1Munir H. Shah2Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, PakistanThe present study is carried out for the assessment of water quality parameters and selected metals levels in surface water from Mangla Lake, Pakistan. The metal levels (Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn) were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Average levels of Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pb were higher than the allowable concentrations set by national and international agencies. Principal component analysis indicated significant anthropogenic contributions of Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pb in the water reservoir. Noncarcinogenic risk assessment was then evaluated using Hazard Quotient HQing/derm and Hazard Index HIing/derm following USEPA methodology. For adults and children, Cd, Co, Cr, and Pb HQing>1 emerged as the most important pollutants leading to noncarcinogenic concerns via ingestion route, whereas there was no risk via dermal contact of surface water. This study helps in establishing pollutant loading reduction goal and the total maximum daily loads, and consequently contributes to preserve public health and develop water conservation strategy.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/948396
spellingShingle Muhammad Saleem
Javed Iqbal
Munir H. Shah
Dissolved Concentrations, Sources, and Risk Evaluation of Selected Metals in Surface Water from Mangla Lake, Pakistan
The Scientific World Journal
title Dissolved Concentrations, Sources, and Risk Evaluation of Selected Metals in Surface Water from Mangla Lake, Pakistan
title_full Dissolved Concentrations, Sources, and Risk Evaluation of Selected Metals in Surface Water from Mangla Lake, Pakistan
title_fullStr Dissolved Concentrations, Sources, and Risk Evaluation of Selected Metals in Surface Water from Mangla Lake, Pakistan
title_full_unstemmed Dissolved Concentrations, Sources, and Risk Evaluation of Selected Metals in Surface Water from Mangla Lake, Pakistan
title_short Dissolved Concentrations, Sources, and Risk Evaluation of Selected Metals in Surface Water from Mangla Lake, Pakistan
title_sort dissolved concentrations sources and risk evaluation of selected metals in surface water from mangla lake pakistan
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/948396
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AT munirhshah dissolvedconcentrationssourcesandriskevaluationofselectedmetalsinsurfacewaterfrommanglalakepakistan