Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches
Orally consumed nicotine pouches that contain no tobacco are marketed as a less harmful alternative to tobacco products. This study aims to assess nicotine in pouches and potential risks for health damage. 31 samples of nicotine pouches were collected and analyzed. The median nicotine uptake from si...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Toxicology Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750024001628 |
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| _version_ | 1846116030728896512 |
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| author | Hauke Reimann Matthias Berger Elisabeth Eckert Katja Merches Frederik Börnke |
| author_facet | Hauke Reimann Matthias Berger Elisabeth Eckert Katja Merches Frederik Börnke |
| author_sort | Hauke Reimann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Orally consumed nicotine pouches that contain no tobacco are marketed as a less harmful alternative to tobacco products. This study aims to assess nicotine in pouches and potential risks for health damage. 31 samples of nicotine pouches were collected and analyzed. The median nicotine uptake from single pouches was calculated to be 65 µg/kg bw. Consumption of more than one pouch per day would lead to a strikingly higher nicotine dose over the day. Health effects after nicotine exposure are, among others, cardiovascular effects. An acute reference dose (ARfD) of 0.8 µg/kg bw was proposed for risk assessment purposes based on an observed increased heart rate in a human study after acute nicotine uptake. The ARfD was exceeded by at least 20-fold, even when considering the consumption of a single pouch with the lowest detected nicotine level. With higher nicotine contents in pouches or with an increasing number of pouches per day, vast ARfD exceedances are possible. Therefore, a clinically relevant elevation of heart rate is very likely to occur in consumers after acute consumption of nicotine pouches. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-59c8e5c9060a4191a9f0d508d6199f82 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-7500 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxicology Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-59c8e5c9060a4191a9f0d508d6199f822024-12-19T10:54:46ZengElsevierToxicology Reports2214-75002024-12-0113101779Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouchesHauke Reimann0Matthias Berger1Elisabeth Eckert2Katja Merches3Frederik Börnke4Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Eggenreuther Weg 43, Erlangen 91058, Germany; Correspondence to: Eggenreuther Weg 43, Erlangen 91058, Germany.Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstraße 2, Oberschleißheim 85764, GermanyBavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Eggenreuther Weg 43, Erlangen 91058, GermanyBavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Eggenreuther Weg 43, Erlangen 91058, GermanyBavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Eggenreuther Weg 43, Erlangen 91058, GermanyOrally consumed nicotine pouches that contain no tobacco are marketed as a less harmful alternative to tobacco products. This study aims to assess nicotine in pouches and potential risks for health damage. 31 samples of nicotine pouches were collected and analyzed. The median nicotine uptake from single pouches was calculated to be 65 µg/kg bw. Consumption of more than one pouch per day would lead to a strikingly higher nicotine dose over the day. Health effects after nicotine exposure are, among others, cardiovascular effects. An acute reference dose (ARfD) of 0.8 µg/kg bw was proposed for risk assessment purposes based on an observed increased heart rate in a human study after acute nicotine uptake. The ARfD was exceeded by at least 20-fold, even when considering the consumption of a single pouch with the lowest detected nicotine level. With higher nicotine contents in pouches or with an increasing number of pouches per day, vast ARfD exceedances are possible. Therefore, a clinically relevant elevation of heart rate is very likely to occur in consumers after acute consumption of nicotine pouches.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750024001628NicotinePouchesRisk assessmentHeart rateHealth damage |
| spellingShingle | Hauke Reimann Matthias Berger Elisabeth Eckert Katja Merches Frederik Börnke Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches Toxicology Reports Nicotine Pouches Risk assessment Heart rate Health damage |
| title | Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches |
| title_full | Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches |
| title_fullStr | Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches |
| title_short | Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches |
| title_sort | beyond smoking risk assessment of nicotine in pouches |
| topic | Nicotine Pouches Risk assessment Heart rate Health damage |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750024001628 |
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