Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches

Orally consumed nicotine pouches that contain no tobacco are marketed as a less harmful alternative to tobacco products. This study aims to assess nicotine in pouches and potential risks for health damage. 31 samples of nicotine pouches were collected and analyzed. The median nicotine uptake from si...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hauke Reimann, Matthias Berger, Elisabeth Eckert, Katja Merches, Frederik Börnke
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Toxicology Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750024001628
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846116030728896512
author Hauke Reimann
Matthias Berger
Elisabeth Eckert
Katja Merches
Frederik Börnke
author_facet Hauke Reimann
Matthias Berger
Elisabeth Eckert
Katja Merches
Frederik Börnke
author_sort Hauke Reimann
collection DOAJ
description Orally consumed nicotine pouches that contain no tobacco are marketed as a less harmful alternative to tobacco products. This study aims to assess nicotine in pouches and potential risks for health damage. 31 samples of nicotine pouches were collected and analyzed. The median nicotine uptake from single pouches was calculated to be 65 µg/kg bw. Consumption of more than one pouch per day would lead to a strikingly higher nicotine dose over the day. Health effects after nicotine exposure are, among others, cardiovascular effects. An acute reference dose (ARfD) of 0.8 µg/kg bw was proposed for risk assessment purposes based on an observed increased heart rate in a human study after acute nicotine uptake. The ARfD was exceeded by at least 20-fold, even when considering the consumption of a single pouch with the lowest detected nicotine level. With higher nicotine contents in pouches or with an increasing number of pouches per day, vast ARfD exceedances are possible. Therefore, a clinically relevant elevation of heart rate is very likely to occur in consumers after acute consumption of nicotine pouches.
format Article
id doaj-art-59c8e5c9060a4191a9f0d508d6199f82
institution Kabale University
issn 2214-7500
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Toxicology Reports
spelling doaj-art-59c8e5c9060a4191a9f0d508d6199f822024-12-19T10:54:46ZengElsevierToxicology Reports2214-75002024-12-0113101779Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouchesHauke Reimann0Matthias Berger1Elisabeth Eckert2Katja Merches3Frederik Börnke4Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Eggenreuther Weg 43, Erlangen 91058, Germany; Correspondence to: Eggenreuther Weg 43, Erlangen 91058, Germany.Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstraße 2, Oberschleißheim 85764, GermanyBavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Eggenreuther Weg 43, Erlangen 91058, GermanyBavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Eggenreuther Weg 43, Erlangen 91058, GermanyBavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Eggenreuther Weg 43, Erlangen 91058, GermanyOrally consumed nicotine pouches that contain no tobacco are marketed as a less harmful alternative to tobacco products. This study aims to assess nicotine in pouches and potential risks for health damage. 31 samples of nicotine pouches were collected and analyzed. The median nicotine uptake from single pouches was calculated to be 65 µg/kg bw. Consumption of more than one pouch per day would lead to a strikingly higher nicotine dose over the day. Health effects after nicotine exposure are, among others, cardiovascular effects. An acute reference dose (ARfD) of 0.8 µg/kg bw was proposed for risk assessment purposes based on an observed increased heart rate in a human study after acute nicotine uptake. The ARfD was exceeded by at least 20-fold, even when considering the consumption of a single pouch with the lowest detected nicotine level. With higher nicotine contents in pouches or with an increasing number of pouches per day, vast ARfD exceedances are possible. Therefore, a clinically relevant elevation of heart rate is very likely to occur in consumers after acute consumption of nicotine pouches.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750024001628NicotinePouchesRisk assessmentHeart rateHealth damage
spellingShingle Hauke Reimann
Matthias Berger
Elisabeth Eckert
Katja Merches
Frederik Börnke
Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches
Toxicology Reports
Nicotine
Pouches
Risk assessment
Heart rate
Health damage
title Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches
title_full Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches
title_fullStr Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches
title_full_unstemmed Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches
title_short Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches
title_sort beyond smoking risk assessment of nicotine in pouches
topic Nicotine
Pouches
Risk assessment
Heart rate
Health damage
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750024001628
work_keys_str_mv AT haukereimann beyondsmokingriskassessmentofnicotineinpouches
AT matthiasberger beyondsmokingriskassessmentofnicotineinpouches
AT elisabetheckert beyondsmokingriskassessmentofnicotineinpouches
AT katjamerches beyondsmokingriskassessmentofnicotineinpouches
AT frederikbornke beyondsmokingriskassessmentofnicotineinpouches