HIF1A Regulates <i>Rhbg</i> Expression to Enhance Ammonia Excretion in Amur Ide (<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>) Under Extreme Alkaline Conditions
High-alkalinity water bodies can disrupt normal ammonia metabolism in fish, leading to ammonia poisoning. In China, there exists a highly tolerant group of Amur ide (<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>) that can survive in extreme alkaline lakes with alkalinity up to 53.57 mM (pH 9.6), making it a...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Xuefei Zhao Yu Zhang Shuqi Li Suying Bai Wei Zhang Yanchun Xu Yumei Chang |
| author_facet | Xuefei Zhao Yu Zhang Shuqi Li Suying Bai Wei Zhang Yanchun Xu Yumei Chang |
| author_sort | Xuefei Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High-alkalinity water bodies can disrupt normal ammonia metabolism in fish, leading to ammonia poisoning. In China, there exists a highly tolerant group of Amur ide (<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>) that can survive in extreme alkaline lakes with alkalinity up to 53.57 mM (pH 9.6), making it an excellent model for elucidating the high-alkalinity tolerance mechanism in fish. We have discovered that this species has evolved a special ammonia excretion mechanism to maintain ammonia efflux in high-alkalinity environments. Compared to the freshwater forms of Amur ide, the ammonia excretion protein RHBG plays a prominent role in the ammonia excretion process of the alkali forms of Amur ide; however, the regulatory mechanism of RHBG expression in fish remains unclear. Through DNA pull-down, RNA-Seq, qPCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and dual-luciferase reporter assays, this study demonstrates that the transcription factor HIF1A can inversely regulate the expression of <i>Rhbg</i> by binding to its promoter region, thereby participating in the high-alkalinity adaptation process of fish. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for elucidating the ammonia excretion mechanism and revealing the alkalinity tolerance mechanism in fish. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-59bab5efb83548a78939f01c323e113b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-59bab5efb83548a78939f01c323e113b2025-08-20T03:47:48ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372025-05-0114549810.3390/biology14050498HIF1A Regulates <i>Rhbg</i> Expression to Enhance Ammonia Excretion in Amur Ide (<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>) Under Extreme Alkaline ConditionsXuefei Zhao0Yu Zhang1Shuqi Li2Suying Bai3Wei Zhang4Yanchun Xu5Yumei Chang6College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaCollege of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaCollege of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaCollege of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaCollege of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaCollege of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, ChinaNational and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, ChinaHigh-alkalinity water bodies can disrupt normal ammonia metabolism in fish, leading to ammonia poisoning. In China, there exists a highly tolerant group of Amur ide (<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>) that can survive in extreme alkaline lakes with alkalinity up to 53.57 mM (pH 9.6), making it an excellent model for elucidating the high-alkalinity tolerance mechanism in fish. We have discovered that this species has evolved a special ammonia excretion mechanism to maintain ammonia efflux in high-alkalinity environments. Compared to the freshwater forms of Amur ide, the ammonia excretion protein RHBG plays a prominent role in the ammonia excretion process of the alkali forms of Amur ide; however, the regulatory mechanism of RHBG expression in fish remains unclear. Through DNA pull-down, RNA-Seq, qPCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and dual-luciferase reporter assays, this study demonstrates that the transcription factor HIF1A can inversely regulate the expression of <i>Rhbg</i> by binding to its promoter region, thereby participating in the high-alkalinity adaptation process of fish. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for elucidating the ammonia excretion mechanism and revealing the alkalinity tolerance mechanism in fish.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/14/5/498ammonia excretion<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>HIF1ARHBGalkali tolerant fish |
| spellingShingle | Xuefei Zhao Yu Zhang Shuqi Li Suying Bai Wei Zhang Yanchun Xu Yumei Chang HIF1A Regulates <i>Rhbg</i> Expression to Enhance Ammonia Excretion in Amur Ide (<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>) Under Extreme Alkaline Conditions Biology ammonia excretion <i>Leuciscus waleckii</i> HIF1A RHBG alkali tolerant fish |
| title | HIF1A Regulates <i>Rhbg</i> Expression to Enhance Ammonia Excretion in Amur Ide (<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>) Under Extreme Alkaline Conditions |
| title_full | HIF1A Regulates <i>Rhbg</i> Expression to Enhance Ammonia Excretion in Amur Ide (<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>) Under Extreme Alkaline Conditions |
| title_fullStr | HIF1A Regulates <i>Rhbg</i> Expression to Enhance Ammonia Excretion in Amur Ide (<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>) Under Extreme Alkaline Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | HIF1A Regulates <i>Rhbg</i> Expression to Enhance Ammonia Excretion in Amur Ide (<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>) Under Extreme Alkaline Conditions |
| title_short | HIF1A Regulates <i>Rhbg</i> Expression to Enhance Ammonia Excretion in Amur Ide (<i>Leuciscus waleckii</i>) Under Extreme Alkaline Conditions |
| title_sort | hif1a regulates i rhbg i expression to enhance ammonia excretion in amur ide i leuciscus waleckii i under extreme alkaline conditions |
| topic | ammonia excretion <i>Leuciscus waleckii</i> HIF1A RHBG alkali tolerant fish |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/14/5/498 |
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