M2 macrophage-derived exosomes suppress tumor intrinsic immunogenicity to confer immunotherapy resistance

T-cell-based immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICB) can be undermined by local immunosuppressive M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). However, modulating macrophages has proved difficult as the molecular and functional features of M2-TAMs on tumor growth are still uncertain. Here we report...

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Main Authors: Naisheng Zheng, Tingting Wang, Qin Luo, Yi Liu, Junyao Yang, Yunlan Zhou, Guohua Xie, Yanhui Ma, Xiangliang Yuan, Lisong Shen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2023-12-01
Series:OncoImmunology
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/2162402X.2023.2210959
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author Naisheng Zheng
Tingting Wang
Qin Luo
Yi Liu
Junyao Yang
Yunlan Zhou
Guohua Xie
Yanhui Ma
Xiangliang Yuan
Lisong Shen
author_facet Naisheng Zheng
Tingting Wang
Qin Luo
Yi Liu
Junyao Yang
Yunlan Zhou
Guohua Xie
Yanhui Ma
Xiangliang Yuan
Lisong Shen
author_sort Naisheng Zheng
collection DOAJ
description T-cell-based immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICB) can be undermined by local immunosuppressive M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). However, modulating macrophages has proved difficult as the molecular and functional features of M2-TAMs on tumor growth are still uncertain. Here we reported that immunosuppressive M2 macrophages render cancer cells resistant to CD8+ T-cell-dependent tumor-killing refractory ICB efficacy by secreting exosomes. Proteomics and functional studies revealed that M2 macrophage-derived exosome (M2-exo) transmitted apolipoprotein E (ApoE) to cancer cells conferring ICB resistance by downregulated MHC-I expression curbing tumor intrinsic immunogenicity. Mechanistically, M2 exosomal ApoE diminished the tumor-intrinsic ATPase activity of binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) to decrease tumor MHC-I expression. Sensitizing ICB efficacy can be achieved by the administration of ApoE ligand, EZ-482, enhancing ATPase activity of BiP to boost tumor-intrinsic immunogenicity. Therefore, ApoE may serve as a predictor and a potential therapeutic target for ICB resistance in M2-TAMs-enriched cancer patients. Collectively, our findings signify that the exosome-mediated transfer of functional ApoE from M2 macrophages to the tumor cells confers ICB resistance. Our findings also provide a preclinical rationale for treating M2-enriched tumors with ApoE ligand, EZ-482, to restore sensitivity to ICB immunotherapy.
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spelling doaj-art-59a2faa4c9524846b16d51ea577bfc7a2025-08-20T02:57:29ZengTaylor & Francis GroupOncoImmunology2162-402X2023-12-0112110.1080/2162402X.2023.2210959M2 macrophage-derived exosomes suppress tumor intrinsic immunogenicity to confer immunotherapy resistanceNaisheng Zheng0Tingting Wang1Qin Luo2Yi Liu3Junyao Yang4Yunlan Zhou5Guohua Xie6Yanhui Ma7Xiangliang Yuan8Lisong Shen9Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. ChinaT-cell-based immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICB) can be undermined by local immunosuppressive M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). However, modulating macrophages has proved difficult as the molecular and functional features of M2-TAMs on tumor growth are still uncertain. Here we reported that immunosuppressive M2 macrophages render cancer cells resistant to CD8+ T-cell-dependent tumor-killing refractory ICB efficacy by secreting exosomes. Proteomics and functional studies revealed that M2 macrophage-derived exosome (M2-exo) transmitted apolipoprotein E (ApoE) to cancer cells conferring ICB resistance by downregulated MHC-I expression curbing tumor intrinsic immunogenicity. Mechanistically, M2 exosomal ApoE diminished the tumor-intrinsic ATPase activity of binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) to decrease tumor MHC-I expression. Sensitizing ICB efficacy can be achieved by the administration of ApoE ligand, EZ-482, enhancing ATPase activity of BiP to boost tumor-intrinsic immunogenicity. Therefore, ApoE may serve as a predictor and a potential therapeutic target for ICB resistance in M2-TAMs-enriched cancer patients. Collectively, our findings signify that the exosome-mediated transfer of functional ApoE from M2 macrophages to the tumor cells confers ICB resistance. Our findings also provide a preclinical rationale for treating M2-enriched tumors with ApoE ligand, EZ-482, to restore sensitivity to ICB immunotherapy.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/2162402X.2023.2210959apolipoprotein Eexosomesimmune checkpoint blockade therapyimmunogenicitymacrophages
spellingShingle Naisheng Zheng
Tingting Wang
Qin Luo
Yi Liu
Junyao Yang
Yunlan Zhou
Guohua Xie
Yanhui Ma
Xiangliang Yuan
Lisong Shen
M2 macrophage-derived exosomes suppress tumor intrinsic immunogenicity to confer immunotherapy resistance
OncoImmunology
apolipoprotein E
exosomes
immune checkpoint blockade therapy
immunogenicity
macrophages
title M2 macrophage-derived exosomes suppress tumor intrinsic immunogenicity to confer immunotherapy resistance
title_full M2 macrophage-derived exosomes suppress tumor intrinsic immunogenicity to confer immunotherapy resistance
title_fullStr M2 macrophage-derived exosomes suppress tumor intrinsic immunogenicity to confer immunotherapy resistance
title_full_unstemmed M2 macrophage-derived exosomes suppress tumor intrinsic immunogenicity to confer immunotherapy resistance
title_short M2 macrophage-derived exosomes suppress tumor intrinsic immunogenicity to confer immunotherapy resistance
title_sort m2 macrophage derived exosomes suppress tumor intrinsic immunogenicity to confer immunotherapy resistance
topic apolipoprotein E
exosomes
immune checkpoint blockade therapy
immunogenicity
macrophages
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/2162402X.2023.2210959
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