Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in erythromelalgia management: a case report

ABSTRACT A 49-year-old woman presented with a 16-year history of burning pain, warmth, redness, and edema in both toes, feet, legs and calves. Despite extensive medical testing, including genetic analysis, no specific cause was identified. Initial treatments failed to improve symptoms, leading to im...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Renato Ádler Pomilio de Sousa, Luydson Richardson Silva Vasconcelos, Marcus Villander Barros de Oliveira Sá
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein 2025-03-01
Series:Einstein (São Paulo)
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-45082025000100504&lng=en&tlng=en
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849707366414548992
author Renato Ádler Pomilio de Sousa
Luydson Richardson Silva Vasconcelos
Marcus Villander Barros de Oliveira Sá
author_facet Renato Ádler Pomilio de Sousa
Luydson Richardson Silva Vasconcelos
Marcus Villander Barros de Oliveira Sá
author_sort Renato Ádler Pomilio de Sousa
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT A 49-year-old woman presented with a 16-year history of burning pain, warmth, redness, and edema in both toes, feet, legs and calves. Despite extensive medical testing, including genetic analysis, no specific cause was identified. Initial treatments failed to improve symptoms, leading to impaired quality of life and mental health. Eventually, a six-month course of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy provided complete relief, allowing the patient to resume normal activities. Erythromelalgia is a rare neurovascular condition characterized by pain, warmth, and erythema in the extremities. It can manifest as primary, inherited or sporadic, or secondary to underlying conditions, such as hematological neoplasms. Although genetic studies suggest a pivotal role of a gain-of-function mutation in the Nav1.7 voltage-gated sodium channel in familial cases, the pathogenesis underlying sporadic adult-onset cases remains uncertain. The frequent coexistence of autoimmune connective tissue diseases and the expanding evidence supporting immunotherapies in idiopathic small-fiber neuropathies underscores the possible involvement of adaptive immunity in such conditions. Given the potential complications in untreated patients, risks associated with long-term opioid therapy, and the absence of disease-modifying strategies, intravenous immunoglobulins may offer a more effective approach to pain control than conventional pain relievers, representing a promising direction for understanding the pathogenesis of erythromelalgia.
format Article
id doaj-art-597e451b62e34db3a9a2fb57b5297bf5
institution DOAJ
issn 2317-6385
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein
record_format Article
series Einstein (São Paulo)
spelling doaj-art-597e451b62e34db3a9a2fb57b5297bf52025-08-20T03:15:56ZengInstituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert EinsteinEinstein (São Paulo)2317-63852025-03-012310.31744/einstein_journal/2025rc1236Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in erythromelalgia management: a case reportRenato Ádler Pomilio de Sousahttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-2276-5081Luydson Richardson Silva Vasconceloshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1625-3358Marcus Villander Barros de Oliveira Sáhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1257-6958ABSTRACT A 49-year-old woman presented with a 16-year history of burning pain, warmth, redness, and edema in both toes, feet, legs and calves. Despite extensive medical testing, including genetic analysis, no specific cause was identified. Initial treatments failed to improve symptoms, leading to impaired quality of life and mental health. Eventually, a six-month course of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy provided complete relief, allowing the patient to resume normal activities. Erythromelalgia is a rare neurovascular condition characterized by pain, warmth, and erythema in the extremities. It can manifest as primary, inherited or sporadic, or secondary to underlying conditions, such as hematological neoplasms. Although genetic studies suggest a pivotal role of a gain-of-function mutation in the Nav1.7 voltage-gated sodium channel in familial cases, the pathogenesis underlying sporadic adult-onset cases remains uncertain. The frequent coexistence of autoimmune connective tissue diseases and the expanding evidence supporting immunotherapies in idiopathic small-fiber neuropathies underscores the possible involvement of adaptive immunity in such conditions. Given the potential complications in untreated patients, risks associated with long-term opioid therapy, and the absence of disease-modifying strategies, intravenous immunoglobulins may offer a more effective approach to pain control than conventional pain relievers, representing a promising direction for understanding the pathogenesis of erythromelalgia.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-45082025000100504&lng=en&tlng=enErythromelalgiaImmunoglobulins, intravenousSmall fiber neuropathyAutoimmune diseasesNAV1.7 Voltage-gated sodium channel
spellingShingle Renato Ádler Pomilio de Sousa
Luydson Richardson Silva Vasconcelos
Marcus Villander Barros de Oliveira Sá
Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in erythromelalgia management: a case report
Einstein (São Paulo)
Erythromelalgia
Immunoglobulins, intravenous
Small fiber neuropathy
Autoimmune diseases
NAV1.7 Voltage-gated sodium channel
title Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in erythromelalgia management: a case report
title_full Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in erythromelalgia management: a case report
title_fullStr Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in erythromelalgia management: a case report
title_full_unstemmed Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in erythromelalgia management: a case report
title_short Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in erythromelalgia management: a case report
title_sort intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in erythromelalgia management a case report
topic Erythromelalgia
Immunoglobulins, intravenous
Small fiber neuropathy
Autoimmune diseases
NAV1.7 Voltage-gated sodium channel
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-45082025000100504&lng=en&tlng=en
work_keys_str_mv AT renatoadlerpomiliodesousa intravenousimmunoglobulintherapyinerythromelalgiamanagementacasereport
AT luydsonrichardsonsilvavasconcelos intravenousimmunoglobulintherapyinerythromelalgiamanagementacasereport
AT marcusvillanderbarrosdeoliveirasa intravenousimmunoglobulintherapyinerythromelalgiamanagementacasereport