Impact of Pesticide Exposure on High-Frequency Auditory Thresholds and Cochlear Function in Young People Residing near Agricultural Areas

Pesticide exposure poses a significant health risk, with emerging evidence suggesting its impact on auditory function. This study investigated the effects of pesticide exposure on hearing in young rural residents living near agricultural areas in Chile’s O’Higgins Region. We evaluated 51 participant...

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Main Authors: Felipe Munoz, Cristian Aedo-Sanchez, Felipe Paredes-Aravena, Enzo Aguilar-Vidal, Pedro Jilberto-Vergara, Gonzalo Terreros
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Toxics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/5/375
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author Felipe Munoz
Cristian Aedo-Sanchez
Felipe Paredes-Aravena
Enzo Aguilar-Vidal
Pedro Jilberto-Vergara
Gonzalo Terreros
author_facet Felipe Munoz
Cristian Aedo-Sanchez
Felipe Paredes-Aravena
Enzo Aguilar-Vidal
Pedro Jilberto-Vergara
Gonzalo Terreros
author_sort Felipe Munoz
collection DOAJ
description Pesticide exposure poses a significant health risk, with emerging evidence suggesting its impact on auditory function. This study investigated the effects of pesticide exposure on hearing in young rural residents living near agricultural areas in Chile’s O’Higgins Region. We evaluated 51 participants (31 exposed, 20 unexposed) aged 18–35 years, using comprehensive audiological assessments including high-frequency audiometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), and auditory brainstem responses (ABR). Participants were classified based on residential proximity to agricultural areas, with exposed individuals living around 400 m or less from monoculture fields. Results revealed significant differences in high-frequency hearing thresholds (14 and 16 kHz) in exposed individuals. The exposed group showed a higher number of absent DPOAEs and reduced ABR wave V amplitude in the right ear compared to the unexposed group. Additionally, the wave V/I ratio was significantly lower in exposed individuals. These findings suggest that pesticide exposure, even without direct occupational contact, may induce measurable changes in auditory function, particularly affecting high-frequency hearing and neural responses. These results emphasize the need for enhanced monitoring and protective measures for populations residing near agricultural areas where pesticides are extensively used.
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spelling doaj-art-5957c848a6c447109fbb8d460bef049c2025-08-20T01:56:45ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042025-05-0113537510.3390/toxics13050375Impact of Pesticide Exposure on High-Frequency Auditory Thresholds and Cochlear Function in Young People Residing near Agricultural AreasFelipe Munoz0Cristian Aedo-Sanchez1Felipe Paredes-Aravena2Enzo Aguilar-Vidal3Pedro Jilberto-Vergara4Gonzalo Terreros5Laboratorio de Neurociencia Sensorial Perceptual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, ChileDepartamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, ChileEscuela de Salud, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, ChileDepartamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, ChileLaboratorio de Neurociencia Sensorial Perceptual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, ChileLaboratorio de Neurociencia Sensorial Perceptual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, ChilePesticide exposure poses a significant health risk, with emerging evidence suggesting its impact on auditory function. This study investigated the effects of pesticide exposure on hearing in young rural residents living near agricultural areas in Chile’s O’Higgins Region. We evaluated 51 participants (31 exposed, 20 unexposed) aged 18–35 years, using comprehensive audiological assessments including high-frequency audiometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), and auditory brainstem responses (ABR). Participants were classified based on residential proximity to agricultural areas, with exposed individuals living around 400 m or less from monoculture fields. Results revealed significant differences in high-frequency hearing thresholds (14 and 16 kHz) in exposed individuals. The exposed group showed a higher number of absent DPOAEs and reduced ABR wave V amplitude in the right ear compared to the unexposed group. Additionally, the wave V/I ratio was significantly lower in exposed individuals. These findings suggest that pesticide exposure, even without direct occupational contact, may induce measurable changes in auditory function, particularly affecting high-frequency hearing and neural responses. These results emphasize the need for enhanced monitoring and protective measures for populations residing near agricultural areas where pesticides are extensively used.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/5/375pesticideshearing lossototoxicitydistortion product otoacoustic emissionsauditory brainstem response
spellingShingle Felipe Munoz
Cristian Aedo-Sanchez
Felipe Paredes-Aravena
Enzo Aguilar-Vidal
Pedro Jilberto-Vergara
Gonzalo Terreros
Impact of Pesticide Exposure on High-Frequency Auditory Thresholds and Cochlear Function in Young People Residing near Agricultural Areas
Toxics
pesticides
hearing loss
ototoxicity
distortion product otoacoustic emissions
auditory brainstem response
title Impact of Pesticide Exposure on High-Frequency Auditory Thresholds and Cochlear Function in Young People Residing near Agricultural Areas
title_full Impact of Pesticide Exposure on High-Frequency Auditory Thresholds and Cochlear Function in Young People Residing near Agricultural Areas
title_fullStr Impact of Pesticide Exposure on High-Frequency Auditory Thresholds and Cochlear Function in Young People Residing near Agricultural Areas
title_full_unstemmed Impact of Pesticide Exposure on High-Frequency Auditory Thresholds and Cochlear Function in Young People Residing near Agricultural Areas
title_short Impact of Pesticide Exposure on High-Frequency Auditory Thresholds and Cochlear Function in Young People Residing near Agricultural Areas
title_sort impact of pesticide exposure on high frequency auditory thresholds and cochlear function in young people residing near agricultural areas
topic pesticides
hearing loss
ototoxicity
distortion product otoacoustic emissions
auditory brainstem response
url https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/5/375
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