Very high prevalence of infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1c in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: Results of a large cross-sectional community survey.
Infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) subtype C is endemic among Aboriginal people in central Australia. To provide insights into the risk factors for transmission, we conducted the first large-scale, community-based prevalence study in seven remote Aboriginal communities....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2021-12-01
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| Series: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0009915&type=printable |
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| author | Lloyd Einsiedel Hai Pham Mohammad Radwanur Talukder Kerry Taylor Kim Wilson John Kaldor Antoine Gessain Richard Woodman |
| author_facet | Lloyd Einsiedel Hai Pham Mohammad Radwanur Talukder Kerry Taylor Kim Wilson John Kaldor Antoine Gessain Richard Woodman |
| author_sort | Lloyd Einsiedel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) subtype C is endemic among Aboriginal people in central Australia. To provide insights into the risk factors for transmission, we conducted the first large-scale, community-based prevalence study in seven remote Aboriginal communities. Residents >2 years old were invited to participate in the study between August 2014 and June 2018. HTLV-1 infection was defined as a positive western blot (WB) test or a positive HTLV-1 PCR. 720 community residents participated in the study (children <15 years, 142; adults, 578). Prevalences for children and adults were 3.5% (5/142) and 36.8% (213/578), respectively, reaching 49.3% (106/215) for those older than 45 years. A wide range of proviral loads were measured for both asymptomatic and symptomatic participants with no difference within groups according to age or gender; however, median PVL was 1.34 log10 higher for symptomatic participants. The adult prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in central Australia is the highest reported worldwide. Sexual contact is likely to be the predominant mode of transmission. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5938c5409d1f47558fb6803d6eb9cf8c |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-5938c5409d1f47558fb6803d6eb9cf8c2025-08-20T03:15:48ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352021-12-011512e000991510.1371/journal.pntd.0009915Very high prevalence of infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1c in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: Results of a large cross-sectional community survey.Lloyd EinsiedelHai PhamMohammad Radwanur TalukderKerry TaylorKim WilsonJohn KaldorAntoine GessainRichard WoodmanInfection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) subtype C is endemic among Aboriginal people in central Australia. To provide insights into the risk factors for transmission, we conducted the first large-scale, community-based prevalence study in seven remote Aboriginal communities. Residents >2 years old were invited to participate in the study between August 2014 and June 2018. HTLV-1 infection was defined as a positive western blot (WB) test or a positive HTLV-1 PCR. 720 community residents participated in the study (children <15 years, 142; adults, 578). Prevalences for children and adults were 3.5% (5/142) and 36.8% (213/578), respectively, reaching 49.3% (106/215) for those older than 45 years. A wide range of proviral loads were measured for both asymptomatic and symptomatic participants with no difference within groups according to age or gender; however, median PVL was 1.34 log10 higher for symptomatic participants. The adult prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in central Australia is the highest reported worldwide. Sexual contact is likely to be the predominant mode of transmission.https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0009915&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Lloyd Einsiedel Hai Pham Mohammad Radwanur Talukder Kerry Taylor Kim Wilson John Kaldor Antoine Gessain Richard Woodman Very high prevalence of infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1c in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: Results of a large cross-sectional community survey. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| title | Very high prevalence of infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1c in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: Results of a large cross-sectional community survey. |
| title_full | Very high prevalence of infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1c in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: Results of a large cross-sectional community survey. |
| title_fullStr | Very high prevalence of infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1c in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: Results of a large cross-sectional community survey. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Very high prevalence of infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1c in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: Results of a large cross-sectional community survey. |
| title_short | Very high prevalence of infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1c in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: Results of a large cross-sectional community survey. |
| title_sort | very high prevalence of infection with the human t cell leukaemia virus type 1c in remote australian aboriginal communities results of a large cross sectional community survey |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0009915&type=printable |
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