Optimization of Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate from Mung Bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.), and Its Functional Properties

Mung bean is a rich protein source, but its native form has limited solubility and functionality for food applications. As a promising agro-based crop, mung bean offers a sustainable alternative to traditional protein sources, especially in regions with limited access to resources. This study optimi...

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Main Authors: Kanokwan Promjeen, Suphat Phongthai, Kanjana Singh, Worrapob Chaisan, Peeraporn Pakakaew, Somdet Srichairatanakool, Rajnibhas Sukeaw Samakradhamrongthai, Niramon Utama-ang
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Foods
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/14/2459
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author Kanokwan Promjeen
Suphat Phongthai
Kanjana Singh
Worrapob Chaisan
Peeraporn Pakakaew
Somdet Srichairatanakool
Rajnibhas Sukeaw Samakradhamrongthai
Niramon Utama-ang
author_facet Kanokwan Promjeen
Suphat Phongthai
Kanjana Singh
Worrapob Chaisan
Peeraporn Pakakaew
Somdet Srichairatanakool
Rajnibhas Sukeaw Samakradhamrongthai
Niramon Utama-ang
author_sort Kanokwan Promjeen
collection DOAJ
description Mung bean is a rich protein source, but its native form has limited solubility and functionality for food applications. As a promising agro-based crop, mung bean offers a sustainable alternative to traditional protein sources, especially in regions with limited access to resources. This study optimized mung bean protein hydrolysate (MBPH) production using response surface methodology (RSM), investigating the effects of alcalase concentration (2–7%) and hydrolysis time (2–7 h) on its physicochemical and functional properties. The results showed that an alcalase concentration of 5.88% and a hydrolysis duration of 3.56 h were the optimal conditions, resulting in a degree of hydrolysis of approximately 33.09%. Under these conditions, MBPH contained 79.33 ± 0.62% protein and a molecular weight distribution of 45.57% and 47.29% at 1.1–10 kDa and <10 kDa, respectively. Additionally, MBPH exhibited strong antioxidant activity, improved foam capacity, and enhanced solubility, making it a valuable ingredient for sustainable food production and promoting equitable access to nutritious functional ingredients.
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id doaj-art-591a5dc747b6473da0e4f08bf291401f
institution Kabale University
issn 2304-8158
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Foods
spelling doaj-art-591a5dc747b6473da0e4f08bf291401f2025-08-20T03:35:28ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-07-011414245910.3390/foods14142459Optimization of Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate from Mung Bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.), and Its Functional PropertiesKanokwan Promjeen0Suphat Phongthai1Kanjana Singh2Worrapob Chaisan3Peeraporn Pakakaew4Somdet Srichairatanakool5Rajnibhas Sukeaw Samakradhamrongthai6Niramon Utama-ang7Division of Product Development Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDivision of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDivision of Product Development Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandCluster of High Value Products from Thai Rice and Plants for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDivision of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDivision of Product Development Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDivision of Product Development Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandMung bean is a rich protein source, but its native form has limited solubility and functionality for food applications. As a promising agro-based crop, mung bean offers a sustainable alternative to traditional protein sources, especially in regions with limited access to resources. This study optimized mung bean protein hydrolysate (MBPH) production using response surface methodology (RSM), investigating the effects of alcalase concentration (2–7%) and hydrolysis time (2–7 h) on its physicochemical and functional properties. The results showed that an alcalase concentration of 5.88% and a hydrolysis duration of 3.56 h were the optimal conditions, resulting in a degree of hydrolysis of approximately 33.09%. Under these conditions, MBPH contained 79.33 ± 0.62% protein and a molecular weight distribution of 45.57% and 47.29% at 1.1–10 kDa and <10 kDa, respectively. Additionally, MBPH exhibited strong antioxidant activity, improved foam capacity, and enhanced solubility, making it a valuable ingredient for sustainable food production and promoting equitable access to nutritious functional ingredients.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/14/2459mung beanprotein hydrolysatemung bean peptidesfunctional propertiesalcalase enzymeoptimization
spellingShingle Kanokwan Promjeen
Suphat Phongthai
Kanjana Singh
Worrapob Chaisan
Peeraporn Pakakaew
Somdet Srichairatanakool
Rajnibhas Sukeaw Samakradhamrongthai
Niramon Utama-ang
Optimization of Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate from Mung Bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.), and Its Functional Properties
Foods
mung bean
protein hydrolysate
mung bean peptides
functional properties
alcalase enzyme
optimization
title Optimization of Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate from Mung Bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.), and Its Functional Properties
title_full Optimization of Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate from Mung Bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.), and Its Functional Properties
title_fullStr Optimization of Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate from Mung Bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.), and Its Functional Properties
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate from Mung Bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.), and Its Functional Properties
title_short Optimization of Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate from Mung Bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i> L.), and Its Functional Properties
title_sort optimization of enzymatic protein hydrolysate from mung bean i vigna radiata i l and its functional properties
topic mung bean
protein hydrolysate
mung bean peptides
functional properties
alcalase enzyme
optimization
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/14/2459
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