Review of the effects of various pretreatment and drying techniques on the qualities of dried pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) arils

Drying inhibits the growth of microorganisms by reducing the amount of available moisture. This slows the process of food deterioration, extends its shelf life, and makes it easier to access food year round. It is possible to use a variety of drying techniques, from expensive freeze-drying to low-co...

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Main Authors: Buhle Maphosa, Alemayehu Ambaw, Umezuruike Linus Opara
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Maximum Academic Press 2023-01-01
Series:Technology in Horticulture
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.maxapress.com/article/doi/10.48130/TIH-2023-0026
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author Buhle Maphosa
Alemayehu Ambaw
Umezuruike Linus Opara
author_facet Buhle Maphosa
Alemayehu Ambaw
Umezuruike Linus Opara
author_sort Buhle Maphosa
collection DOAJ
description Drying inhibits the growth of microorganisms by reducing the amount of available moisture. This slows the process of food deterioration, extends its shelf life, and makes it easier to access food year round. It is possible to use a variety of drying techniques, from expensive freeze-drying to low-cost sun drying. For a high-quality dried aril, fruit is frequently pretreated before drying using techniques including hot water or steam blanching, sulphuring, vacuum, microwave, and ultrasound. Lower shrinkage and improved nutrient retention were linked to freeze-drying and ultra-assisted vacuum drying. These processes are however expensive and need to be optimized for less expensive drying techniques and the use of pretreatment techniques that lower cost and enhance the quality of the dried arils. Fresh pomegranate arils have a shelf life of five to seven days in cold storage, compared to more than 14 weeks for dried pomegranate arils stored in normal air. The major goals of the various pretreatments are to maintain the final product's physical, physicochemical, and chemical characteristics and/or to accelerate drying. However, knowledge of the fundamental causes is still incomplete and underexplored. In this review paper, the current state of research on pomegranate aril drying is critically reviewed. Various pretreatments and drying methods were assessed. Various drying procedures' energy efficiency and product attributes are summarized. The pretreatment effects on the quality of the finished product are highlighted. Researchers, engineers, policy officials, and agroprocessors will find this material useful.
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spelling doaj-art-590a7572945646bbb6f0fdd87003a42d2025-08-20T03:18:42ZengMaximum Academic PressTechnology in Horticulture2833-43372023-01-013111610.48130/TIH-2023-0026TIH-2023-0026Review of the effects of various pretreatment and drying techniques on the qualities of dried pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) arilsBuhle Maphosa0Alemayehu Ambaw1Umezuruike Linus Opara2Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South AfricaPostharvest Technology Research Laboratory, Africa Institute for Postharvest Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South AfricaPostharvest Technology Research Laboratory, Africa Institute for Postharvest Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South AfricaDrying inhibits the growth of microorganisms by reducing the amount of available moisture. This slows the process of food deterioration, extends its shelf life, and makes it easier to access food year round. It is possible to use a variety of drying techniques, from expensive freeze-drying to low-cost sun drying. For a high-quality dried aril, fruit is frequently pretreated before drying using techniques including hot water or steam blanching, sulphuring, vacuum, microwave, and ultrasound. Lower shrinkage and improved nutrient retention were linked to freeze-drying and ultra-assisted vacuum drying. These processes are however expensive and need to be optimized for less expensive drying techniques and the use of pretreatment techniques that lower cost and enhance the quality of the dried arils. Fresh pomegranate arils have a shelf life of five to seven days in cold storage, compared to more than 14 weeks for dried pomegranate arils stored in normal air. The major goals of the various pretreatments are to maintain the final product's physical, physicochemical, and chemical characteristics and/or to accelerate drying. However, knowledge of the fundamental causes is still incomplete and underexplored. In this review paper, the current state of research on pomegranate aril drying is critically reviewed. Various pretreatments and drying methods were assessed. Various drying procedures' energy efficiency and product attributes are summarized. The pretreatment effects on the quality of the finished product are highlighted. Researchers, engineers, policy officials, and agroprocessors will find this material useful.https://www.maxapress.com/article/doi/10.48130/TIH-2023-0026blanchinghot-air-dryingfreeze-dryingshelf-lifevalue-additionanardanadrying kinetics
spellingShingle Buhle Maphosa
Alemayehu Ambaw
Umezuruike Linus Opara
Review of the effects of various pretreatment and drying techniques on the qualities of dried pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) arils
Technology in Horticulture
blanching
hot-air-drying
freeze-drying
shelf-life
value-addition
anardana
drying kinetics
title Review of the effects of various pretreatment and drying techniques on the qualities of dried pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) arils
title_full Review of the effects of various pretreatment and drying techniques on the qualities of dried pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) arils
title_fullStr Review of the effects of various pretreatment and drying techniques on the qualities of dried pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) arils
title_full_unstemmed Review of the effects of various pretreatment and drying techniques on the qualities of dried pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) arils
title_short Review of the effects of various pretreatment and drying techniques on the qualities of dried pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) arils
title_sort review of the effects of various pretreatment and drying techniques on the qualities of dried pomegranate punica granatum l arils
topic blanching
hot-air-drying
freeze-drying
shelf-life
value-addition
anardana
drying kinetics
url https://www.maxapress.com/article/doi/10.48130/TIH-2023-0026
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