A single-center observational study on congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Outcome, predictors of mortality and experience from a tertiary perinatal center in Singapore

Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a common birth defect associated with significant mortality and morbidity. There is limited outcome data on CDH in the Southeast Asian region. Rapid accessibility to our CDH Perinatal Center, as a consequence of the small geographic size of our co...

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Main Authors: Wan-Yee Teo, Bhavani Sriram, AA Abdul Alim, Xucong Ruan, V.S. Rajadurai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2020-08-01
Series:Pediatrics and Neonatology
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875957220300425
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author Wan-Yee Teo
Bhavani Sriram
AA Abdul Alim
Xucong Ruan
V.S. Rajadurai
author_facet Wan-Yee Teo
Bhavani Sriram
AA Abdul Alim
Xucong Ruan
V.S. Rajadurai
author_sort Wan-Yee Teo
collection DOAJ
description Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a common birth defect associated with significant mortality and morbidity. There is limited outcome data on CDH in the Southeast Asian region. Rapid accessibility to our CDH Perinatal Center, as a consequence of the small geographic size of our country and efficient land transportation system, has largely eliminated deaths of live outborn babies prior arrival at our center. We selected a study period when extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support was not available at our institution. The data will therefore be relevant in developing management guidelines and antenatal counselling for perinatal centers in this region managing CDH with limited resources, without ECMO facilities. Methods: A retrospective study of antenatally or postnatally diagnosed CDH infants born between January 2002 and June 2005 was performed. We selected this study period as ECMO support was not available over this period. We studied the demographics, clinical characteristics, postnatal predictors of mortality and outcomes of CDH infants in a single tertiary institution. Results: A total of 24 patients with CDH were identified. Seventy-nine percent of liveborns with CDH survived to hospital discharge. Antenatal detection rate was 83.3%. Significant postnatal predictors of mortality were preoperative pneumothorax (p = 0.035), high CRIB score (p = 0.007), low one- and five-minute Apgar score (p = 0.011, p = 0.026 respectively) and high pCO2 on initial arterial blood gas (p = 0.007). At one-year follow-up, three patients had delayed gross motor milestones which resolved subsequently. Re-admissions were required for recurrent bronchiolitis (33%) and oesophageal reflux which resolved in all cases. Two (13.3%) infants had surgical complications and needed re-admission for probable adhesive intestinal obstruction; one required adhesiolysis and the other was managed conservatively with good outcome. Conclusion: A single-center CDH outcome in Singapore, without ECMO use, was good. This is a cohort now with long-term survival outcome which will be valuable to the neonatology community.
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spelling doaj-art-58f9c10abe9e4e6d8d74366b45c7a6db2025-08-20T02:05:20ZengElsevierPediatrics and Neonatology1875-95722020-08-0161438539210.1016/j.pedneo.2020.03.003A single-center observational study on congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Outcome, predictors of mortality and experience from a tertiary perinatal center in SingaporeWan-Yee Teo0Bhavani Sriram1AA Abdul Alim2Xucong Ruan3V.S. Rajadurai4Division of Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Center, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore; Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Office, SingHealth-Duke-NUS Academic Medical Center, Singapore; Corresponding author. Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Division of Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. Fax: +65 6226 5694.Department of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, SingaporeDepartment of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, SingaporeDuke-NUS Medical School, SingaporeDepartment of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, SingaporeBackground: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a common birth defect associated with significant mortality and morbidity. There is limited outcome data on CDH in the Southeast Asian region. Rapid accessibility to our CDH Perinatal Center, as a consequence of the small geographic size of our country and efficient land transportation system, has largely eliminated deaths of live outborn babies prior arrival at our center. We selected a study period when extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support was not available at our institution. The data will therefore be relevant in developing management guidelines and antenatal counselling for perinatal centers in this region managing CDH with limited resources, without ECMO facilities. Methods: A retrospective study of antenatally or postnatally diagnosed CDH infants born between January 2002 and June 2005 was performed. We selected this study period as ECMO support was not available over this period. We studied the demographics, clinical characteristics, postnatal predictors of mortality and outcomes of CDH infants in a single tertiary institution. Results: A total of 24 patients with CDH were identified. Seventy-nine percent of liveborns with CDH survived to hospital discharge. Antenatal detection rate was 83.3%. Significant postnatal predictors of mortality were preoperative pneumothorax (p = 0.035), high CRIB score (p = 0.007), low one- and five-minute Apgar score (p = 0.011, p = 0.026 respectively) and high pCO2 on initial arterial blood gas (p = 0.007). At one-year follow-up, three patients had delayed gross motor milestones which resolved subsequently. Re-admissions were required for recurrent bronchiolitis (33%) and oesophageal reflux which resolved in all cases. Two (13.3%) infants had surgical complications and needed re-admission for probable adhesive intestinal obstruction; one required adhesiolysis and the other was managed conservatively with good outcome. Conclusion: A single-center CDH outcome in Singapore, without ECMO use, was good. This is a cohort now with long-term survival outcome which will be valuable to the neonatology community.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875957220300425birth defects clinic antenatal counsellingcongenital diaphragmatic herniapostnatal predictors of mortalitytertiary perinatal centerwithout ECMO
spellingShingle Wan-Yee Teo
Bhavani Sriram
AA Abdul Alim
Xucong Ruan
V.S. Rajadurai
A single-center observational study on congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Outcome, predictors of mortality and experience from a tertiary perinatal center in Singapore
Pediatrics and Neonatology
birth defects clinic antenatal counselling
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
postnatal predictors of mortality
tertiary perinatal center
without ECMO
title A single-center observational study on congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Outcome, predictors of mortality and experience from a tertiary perinatal center in Singapore
title_full A single-center observational study on congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Outcome, predictors of mortality and experience from a tertiary perinatal center in Singapore
title_fullStr A single-center observational study on congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Outcome, predictors of mortality and experience from a tertiary perinatal center in Singapore
title_full_unstemmed A single-center observational study on congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Outcome, predictors of mortality and experience from a tertiary perinatal center in Singapore
title_short A single-center observational study on congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Outcome, predictors of mortality and experience from a tertiary perinatal center in Singapore
title_sort single center observational study on congenital diaphragmatic hernia outcome predictors of mortality and experience from a tertiary perinatal center in singapore
topic birth defects clinic antenatal counselling
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
postnatal predictors of mortality
tertiary perinatal center
without ECMO
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875957220300425
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