Influence of Load Variation on the Flow Field and Stability of the Francis Turbine
With the development of a power system predominantly reliant on new energy sources, turbine generator sets are increasingly required to operate under wide load conditions, resulting in numerous unstable flow phenomena and substantial economic losses for power stations. This study employs the Shear S...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/2/316 |
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| author | Shenhui Li Jiayang Pang Chengmei Dan Wenping Xiang Xutao Yi Xiaobing Liu |
| author_facet | Shenhui Li Jiayang Pang Chengmei Dan Wenping Xiang Xutao Yi Xiaobing Liu |
| author_sort | Shenhui Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the development of a power system predominantly reliant on new energy sources, turbine generator sets are increasingly required to operate under wide load conditions, resulting in numerous unstable flow phenomena and substantial economic losses for power stations. This study employs the Shear Stress Transport (SST) <i>k-ω</i> turbulence model to combine numerical simulations with experimental methods. It calculates the guide vane opening at the rated head of a Francis turbine and examines the internal flow field characteristics and pressure pulsations under various operating conditions. The findings indicate that the entropy production ratio in the draft tube is the highest among all load conditions, ranging from about 72.7% to 95.9%. Energy dissipation in the vaneless zone and the runner increases with greater opening. At 45% and 100% load conditions, the draft tube is mainly influenced by dynamic and static interference, single and double frequencies induced by runner rotation, and low-frequency fluctuations of the vortex and. Under 60% load conditions, pressure fluctuations in the draft tube are primarily caused by the eccentric vortex band, characterized by higher intensity and a frequency of 0.2 <i>f<sub>n</sub></i>. Numerical results closely align with experimental observations. The findings provide essential guidance for ensuring the stable operation of power plant units. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-58f71dbe59ce4393bd6e3dd94dac5a42 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-58f71dbe59ce4393bd6e3dd94dac5a422025-08-20T02:03:25ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-02-0113231610.3390/jmse13020316Influence of Load Variation on the Flow Field and Stability of the Francis TurbineShenhui Li0Jiayang Pang1Chengmei Dan2Wenping Xiang3Xutao Yi4Xiaobing Liu5Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery, Ministry of Education, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, ChinaCollege of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, ChinaSichuan Futang Hydropower Co., Ltd., Maerkang 623003, ChinaGongzui Hydropower General Plant Dadu River Co., Ltd., Leshan 641900, ChinaGongzui Hydropower General Plant Dadu River Co., Ltd., Leshan 641900, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery, Ministry of Education, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, ChinaWith the development of a power system predominantly reliant on new energy sources, turbine generator sets are increasingly required to operate under wide load conditions, resulting in numerous unstable flow phenomena and substantial economic losses for power stations. This study employs the Shear Stress Transport (SST) <i>k-ω</i> turbulence model to combine numerical simulations with experimental methods. It calculates the guide vane opening at the rated head of a Francis turbine and examines the internal flow field characteristics and pressure pulsations under various operating conditions. The findings indicate that the entropy production ratio in the draft tube is the highest among all load conditions, ranging from about 72.7% to 95.9%. Energy dissipation in the vaneless zone and the runner increases with greater opening. At 45% and 100% load conditions, the draft tube is mainly influenced by dynamic and static interference, single and double frequencies induced by runner rotation, and low-frequency fluctuations of the vortex and. Under 60% load conditions, pressure fluctuations in the draft tube are primarily caused by the eccentric vortex band, characterized by higher intensity and a frequency of 0.2 <i>f<sub>n</sub></i>. Numerical results closely align with experimental observations. The findings provide essential guidance for ensuring the stable operation of power plant units.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/2/316Francis turbineGuide vane openingnumerical calculationpressure fluctuationteststability |
| spellingShingle | Shenhui Li Jiayang Pang Chengmei Dan Wenping Xiang Xutao Yi Xiaobing Liu Influence of Load Variation on the Flow Field and Stability of the Francis Turbine Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Francis turbine Guide vane opening numerical calculation pressure fluctuation test stability |
| title | Influence of Load Variation on the Flow Field and Stability of the Francis Turbine |
| title_full | Influence of Load Variation on the Flow Field and Stability of the Francis Turbine |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Load Variation on the Flow Field and Stability of the Francis Turbine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Load Variation on the Flow Field and Stability of the Francis Turbine |
| title_short | Influence of Load Variation on the Flow Field and Stability of the Francis Turbine |
| title_sort | influence of load variation on the flow field and stability of the francis turbine |
| topic | Francis turbine Guide vane opening numerical calculation pressure fluctuation test stability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/2/316 |
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