Identification of Active Markers of Chinese Formula Yupingfeng San by Network Pharmacology and HPLC-Q-TOF–MS/MS Analysis in Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Models of Mice and Isolated Basophilic Leukemia Cell Line RBL-2H3
<b>Background:</b> Yupingfeng San (YPFS) is a classic formula for treating allergic rhinitis (AR), which is composed of <i>Astragalus mongholicus</i> Bunge (AST), <i>Atractylodes macrocephala</i> Koidz (AMR), and <i>Saposhni-kovia divaricata</i> (Turcz...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/4/540 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850180047154970624 |
|---|---|
| author | Xinqi Li Caining Zhao Jin Qi |
| author_facet | Xinqi Li Caining Zhao Jin Qi |
| author_sort | Xinqi Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> Yupingfeng San (YPFS) is a classic formula for treating allergic rhinitis (AR), which is composed of <i>Astragalus mongholicus</i> Bunge (AST), <i>Atractylodes macrocephala</i> Koidz (AMR), and <i>Saposhni-kovia divaricata</i> (Turcz.) Schischk (SR) at a ratio of 3:1:1. However, the potential bioactive components of YPFS relevant to AR treatment are currently unknown. <b>Methods:</b> This study combined in vivo chemical profiling, network pharmacology, and experimental validation to identify the substances in YPFS that are active against AR. <b>Results:</b> Firstly, 98 compounds in YPFS were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) with the assistance of Global Natural Products Social (GNPS) molecular networking. Then, 42 prototype components and 57 metabolites were detected in the plasma, urine, and feces of mice with AR. A network pharmacological analysis based on 42 in vivo prototypical components was also conducted to screen 15 key components and 10 core targets, and 6 key components were further selected through molecular docking. Finally, the four key active components (cimifugin, wogonin, formononetin, and atractylenolide I) were revealed to be the main ingredients of YPFS through validation (in vitro and in vivo). <b>Conclusions:</b> This is the first systematic study of the components of YPFS in AR mice, laying the foundation for elucidating the overall material basis of this formulation. This study provides rich basic data for further pharmacological and mechanistic studies on YPFS. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-58c86b4d00844712933d9a76cd12e0f2 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj-art-58c86b4d00844712933d9a76cd12e0f22025-08-20T02:18:20ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472025-04-0118454010.3390/ph18040540Identification of Active Markers of Chinese Formula Yupingfeng San by Network Pharmacology and HPLC-Q-TOF–MS/MS Analysis in Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Models of Mice and Isolated Basophilic Leukemia Cell Line RBL-2H3Xinqi Li0Caining Zhao1Jin Qi2Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, ChinaResearch Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, ChinaResearch Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China<b>Background:</b> Yupingfeng San (YPFS) is a classic formula for treating allergic rhinitis (AR), which is composed of <i>Astragalus mongholicus</i> Bunge (AST), <i>Atractylodes macrocephala</i> Koidz (AMR), and <i>Saposhni-kovia divaricata</i> (Turcz.) Schischk (SR) at a ratio of 3:1:1. However, the potential bioactive components of YPFS relevant to AR treatment are currently unknown. <b>Methods:</b> This study combined in vivo chemical profiling, network pharmacology, and experimental validation to identify the substances in YPFS that are active against AR. <b>Results:</b> Firstly, 98 compounds in YPFS were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) with the assistance of Global Natural Products Social (GNPS) molecular networking. Then, 42 prototype components and 57 metabolites were detected in the plasma, urine, and feces of mice with AR. A network pharmacological analysis based on 42 in vivo prototypical components was also conducted to screen 15 key components and 10 core targets, and 6 key components were further selected through molecular docking. Finally, the four key active components (cimifugin, wogonin, formononetin, and atractylenolide I) were revealed to be the main ingredients of YPFS through validation (in vitro and in vivo). <b>Conclusions:</b> This is the first systematic study of the components of YPFS in AR mice, laying the foundation for elucidating the overall material basis of this formulation. This study provides rich basic data for further pharmacological and mechanistic studies on YPFS.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/4/540Yupingfeng Sanallergic rhinitisprototype componentnetwork pharmacologymolecular docking |
| spellingShingle | Xinqi Li Caining Zhao Jin Qi Identification of Active Markers of Chinese Formula Yupingfeng San by Network Pharmacology and HPLC-Q-TOF–MS/MS Analysis in Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Models of Mice and Isolated Basophilic Leukemia Cell Line RBL-2H3 Pharmaceuticals Yupingfeng San allergic rhinitis prototype component network pharmacology molecular docking |
| title | Identification of Active Markers of Chinese Formula Yupingfeng San by Network Pharmacology and HPLC-Q-TOF–MS/MS Analysis in Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Models of Mice and Isolated Basophilic Leukemia Cell Line RBL-2H3 |
| title_full | Identification of Active Markers of Chinese Formula Yupingfeng San by Network Pharmacology and HPLC-Q-TOF–MS/MS Analysis in Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Models of Mice and Isolated Basophilic Leukemia Cell Line RBL-2H3 |
| title_fullStr | Identification of Active Markers of Chinese Formula Yupingfeng San by Network Pharmacology and HPLC-Q-TOF–MS/MS Analysis in Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Models of Mice and Isolated Basophilic Leukemia Cell Line RBL-2H3 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Active Markers of Chinese Formula Yupingfeng San by Network Pharmacology and HPLC-Q-TOF–MS/MS Analysis in Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Models of Mice and Isolated Basophilic Leukemia Cell Line RBL-2H3 |
| title_short | Identification of Active Markers of Chinese Formula Yupingfeng San by Network Pharmacology and HPLC-Q-TOF–MS/MS Analysis in Experimental Allergic Rhinitis Models of Mice and Isolated Basophilic Leukemia Cell Line RBL-2H3 |
| title_sort | identification of active markers of chinese formula yupingfeng san by network pharmacology and hplc q tof ms ms analysis in experimental allergic rhinitis models of mice and isolated basophilic leukemia cell line rbl 2h3 |
| topic | Yupingfeng San allergic rhinitis prototype component network pharmacology molecular docking |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/4/540 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xinqili identificationofactivemarkersofchineseformulayupingfengsanbynetworkpharmacologyandhplcqtofmsmsanalysisinexperimentalallergicrhinitismodelsofmiceandisolatedbasophilicleukemiacelllinerbl2h3 AT cainingzhao identificationofactivemarkersofchineseformulayupingfengsanbynetworkpharmacologyandhplcqtofmsmsanalysisinexperimentalallergicrhinitismodelsofmiceandisolatedbasophilicleukemiacelllinerbl2h3 AT jinqi identificationofactivemarkersofchineseformulayupingfengsanbynetworkpharmacologyandhplcqtofmsmsanalysisinexperimentalallergicrhinitismodelsofmiceandisolatedbasophilicleukemiacelllinerbl2h3 |