Exploring the types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthma

Abstract Background Asthma is a heterogeneous disease. Precise and personalized treatment is urgently needed to reduce the disease’s burden. Thus, exploring the different types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthma is beneficial for accurately managing childhood asthma. Methods...

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Main Authors: Peng Han, Ju Yin, Huimin Zou, Anxia Jiao, Yuliang Liu, Kunling Shen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Pediatrics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05596-7
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author Peng Han
Ju Yin
Huimin Zou
Anxia Jiao
Yuliang Liu
Kunling Shen
author_facet Peng Han
Ju Yin
Huimin Zou
Anxia Jiao
Yuliang Liu
Kunling Shen
author_sort Peng Han
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Asthma is a heterogeneous disease. Precise and personalized treatment is urgently needed to reduce the disease’s burden. Thus, exploring the different types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthma is beneficial for accurately managing childhood asthma. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on children and adolescents with asthma who were hospitalized for asthma exacerbations. The classification cut-off values of blood eosinophil (EOS) were 150 (Standard 1), 300 (Standard 2), and 470/µL (Standard 3), respectively. Combined with specific IgE (sIgE, 0.7 kU/L), these individuals were divided into four airway inflammation types. We compared the proportion and characteristics of different airway inflammation. The P value < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results A total of 351 children were enrolled in our study. Based on standard 1, 39.3% of the subjects were classified as Only-atopy group, 11.7% displayed Only-EOS group, 29.6% exhibited Type 2 (T2)-high group, and 19.4% exhibited T2-low group. Under standard 2, 51.3% of the subjects were classified as the Only-atopy group, 5.4% displayed the Only-EOS group, 17.7% exhibited the T2-high group, and 25.6% exhibited the T2-low group. In standard 3, 57.8% of the subjects were classified as the Only-atopy group, 2.9% displayed the Only-EOS group, 11.1% exhibited the T2-high group, and 28.2% exhibited the T2-low group. Furthermore, our findings indicate that patients with T2 low airway inflammation have a longer time from onset to admission, a longer hospitalization time, a lower proportion of atopic dermatitis, and a higher proportion of siblings. Conclusion Regardless of the classification standard employed, the distribution of Only-atopy and Only-EOS was similar in different age periods. Moreover, the types of airway inflammation exhibited a consistent temporal pattern. The classification of airway inflammation in children based on peripheral blood and sIgE levels is a valuable tool for accurately treating asthma. Trial registration The study was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ with the number: NCT05800379 on 05/04/2023.
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spelling doaj-art-58c3877e7e174b48a1de67c489b5d5482025-08-20T01:49:48ZengBMCBMC Pediatrics1471-24312025-05-012511910.1186/s12887-025-05596-7Exploring the types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthmaPeng Han0Ju Yin1Huimin Zou2Anxia Jiao3Yuliang Liu4Kunling Shen5Department of Respiratory, Shenzhen Children’s HospitalRespiratory Department, Beijing Children’s Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s HealthRespiratory Department, Beijing Children’s Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s HealthDepartment of Interventional Pulmonology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, National Center for Children’s Health, Capital Medical UniversityRespiratory Department, Beijing Children’s Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s HealthDepartment of Respiratory, Shenzhen Children’s HospitalAbstract Background Asthma is a heterogeneous disease. Precise and personalized treatment is urgently needed to reduce the disease’s burden. Thus, exploring the different types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthma is beneficial for accurately managing childhood asthma. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on children and adolescents with asthma who were hospitalized for asthma exacerbations. The classification cut-off values of blood eosinophil (EOS) were 150 (Standard 1), 300 (Standard 2), and 470/µL (Standard 3), respectively. Combined with specific IgE (sIgE, 0.7 kU/L), these individuals were divided into four airway inflammation types. We compared the proportion and characteristics of different airway inflammation. The P value < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results A total of 351 children were enrolled in our study. Based on standard 1, 39.3% of the subjects were classified as Only-atopy group, 11.7% displayed Only-EOS group, 29.6% exhibited Type 2 (T2)-high group, and 19.4% exhibited T2-low group. Under standard 2, 51.3% of the subjects were classified as the Only-atopy group, 5.4% displayed the Only-EOS group, 17.7% exhibited the T2-high group, and 25.6% exhibited the T2-low group. In standard 3, 57.8% of the subjects were classified as the Only-atopy group, 2.9% displayed the Only-EOS group, 11.1% exhibited the T2-high group, and 28.2% exhibited the T2-low group. Furthermore, our findings indicate that patients with T2 low airway inflammation have a longer time from onset to admission, a longer hospitalization time, a lower proportion of atopic dermatitis, and a higher proportion of siblings. Conclusion Regardless of the classification standard employed, the distribution of Only-atopy and Only-EOS was similar in different age periods. Moreover, the types of airway inflammation exhibited a consistent temporal pattern. The classification of airway inflammation in children based on peripheral blood and sIgE levels is a valuable tool for accurately treating asthma. Trial registration The study was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ with the number: NCT05800379 on 05/04/2023.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05596-7ChildrenType 2 inflammationAsthmaHospitalizationExploration
spellingShingle Peng Han
Ju Yin
Huimin Zou
Anxia Jiao
Yuliang Liu
Kunling Shen
Exploring the types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthma
BMC Pediatrics
Children
Type 2 inflammation
Asthma
Hospitalization
Exploration
title Exploring the types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthma
title_full Exploring the types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthma
title_fullStr Exploring the types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthma
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthma
title_short Exploring the types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthma
title_sort exploring the types of airway inflammation in hospitalized children with asthma
topic Children
Type 2 inflammation
Asthma
Hospitalization
Exploration
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05596-7
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