Potential of Dried Blood Self-Sampling for Cyclosporine C2 Monitoring in Transplant Outpatients

Background. Close therapeutic drug monitoring of Cyclosporine (CsA) in transplant outpatients is a favourable procedure to maintain the long-term blood drug levels within their respective narrow therapeutic ranges. Compared to basal levels (C0), CsA peak levels (C2) are more predictive for transplan...

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Main Authors: Alexander Benedikt Leichtle, Uta Ceglarek, Helmut Witzigmann, Gábor Gäbel, Joachim Thiery, Georg Martin Fiedler
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2010-01-01
Series:Journal of Transplantation
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/201918
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author Alexander Benedikt Leichtle
Uta Ceglarek
Helmut Witzigmann
Gábor Gäbel
Joachim Thiery
Georg Martin Fiedler
author_facet Alexander Benedikt Leichtle
Uta Ceglarek
Helmut Witzigmann
Gábor Gäbel
Joachim Thiery
Georg Martin Fiedler
author_sort Alexander Benedikt Leichtle
collection DOAJ
description Background. Close therapeutic drug monitoring of Cyclosporine (CsA) in transplant outpatients is a favourable procedure to maintain the long-term blood drug levels within their respective narrow therapeutic ranges. Compared to basal levels (C0), CsA peak levels (C2) are more predictive for transplant rejection. However, the application of C2 levels is hampered by the precise time of blood sampling and the need of qualified personnel. Therefore, we evaluated a new C2 self-obtained blood sampling in transplant outpatients using dried capillary and venous blood samples and compared the CsA levels, stability, and clinical practicability of the different procedures. Methods. 55 solid organ transplant recipients were instructed to use single-handed sampling of each 50 μL capillary blood and dried blood spots by finger prick using standard finger prick devices. We used standardized EDTA-coated capillary blood collection systems and standardized filter paper WS 903. CsA was determined by LC-MS/MS. The patients and technicians also answered a questionnaire on the procedure and sample quality. Results. The C0 and C2 levels from capillary blood collection systems (C0 [ng/mL]: 114.5±44.5; C2: 578.2±222.2) and capillary dried blood (C0 [ng/mL]: 175.4±137.7; C2: 743.1±368.1) significantly (P<.01) correlated with the drug levels of the venous blood samples (C0 [ng/mL]: 97.8±37.4; C2: 511.2±201.5). The correlation at C0 was ρcap.-ven. = 0.749, and ρdried blood-ven = 0.432; at C2:   ρcap.-ven. = 0.861 and ρdried blood-ven = 0.711. The patients preferred the dried blood sampling because of the more simple and less painful procedure. Additionally, the sample quality of self-obtained dried blood spots for LC-MS/MS analytics was superior to the respective capillary blood samples. Conclusions. C2 self-obtained dried blood sampling can easily be performed by transplant outpatients and is therefore suitable and cost-effective for close therapeutic drug monitoring.
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spelling doaj-art-58bd1d31a0ce4463b2c13db564a849cd2025-08-20T02:05:20ZengWileyJournal of Transplantation2090-00072090-00152010-01-01201010.1155/2010/201918201918Potential of Dried Blood Self-Sampling for Cyclosporine C2 Monitoring in Transplant OutpatientsAlexander Benedikt Leichtle0Uta Ceglarek1Helmut Witzigmann2Gábor Gäbel3Joachim Thiery4Georg Martin Fiedler5Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyInstitute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, GermanySurgical Clinic and Policlinic II, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, GermanySurgical Clinic and Policlinic II, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyInstitute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyInstitute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, GermanyBackground. Close therapeutic drug monitoring of Cyclosporine (CsA) in transplant outpatients is a favourable procedure to maintain the long-term blood drug levels within their respective narrow therapeutic ranges. Compared to basal levels (C0), CsA peak levels (C2) are more predictive for transplant rejection. However, the application of C2 levels is hampered by the precise time of blood sampling and the need of qualified personnel. Therefore, we evaluated a new C2 self-obtained blood sampling in transplant outpatients using dried capillary and venous blood samples and compared the CsA levels, stability, and clinical practicability of the different procedures. Methods. 55 solid organ transplant recipients were instructed to use single-handed sampling of each 50 μL capillary blood and dried blood spots by finger prick using standard finger prick devices. We used standardized EDTA-coated capillary blood collection systems and standardized filter paper WS 903. CsA was determined by LC-MS/MS. The patients and technicians also answered a questionnaire on the procedure and sample quality. Results. The C0 and C2 levels from capillary blood collection systems (C0 [ng/mL]: 114.5±44.5; C2: 578.2±222.2) and capillary dried blood (C0 [ng/mL]: 175.4±137.7; C2: 743.1±368.1) significantly (P<.01) correlated with the drug levels of the venous blood samples (C0 [ng/mL]: 97.8±37.4; C2: 511.2±201.5). The correlation at C0 was ρcap.-ven. = 0.749, and ρdried blood-ven = 0.432; at C2:   ρcap.-ven. = 0.861 and ρdried blood-ven = 0.711. The patients preferred the dried blood sampling because of the more simple and less painful procedure. Additionally, the sample quality of self-obtained dried blood spots for LC-MS/MS analytics was superior to the respective capillary blood samples. Conclusions. C2 self-obtained dried blood sampling can easily be performed by transplant outpatients and is therefore suitable and cost-effective for close therapeutic drug monitoring.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/201918
spellingShingle Alexander Benedikt Leichtle
Uta Ceglarek
Helmut Witzigmann
Gábor Gäbel
Joachim Thiery
Georg Martin Fiedler
Potential of Dried Blood Self-Sampling for Cyclosporine C2 Monitoring in Transplant Outpatients
Journal of Transplantation
title Potential of Dried Blood Self-Sampling for Cyclosporine C2 Monitoring in Transplant Outpatients
title_full Potential of Dried Blood Self-Sampling for Cyclosporine C2 Monitoring in Transplant Outpatients
title_fullStr Potential of Dried Blood Self-Sampling for Cyclosporine C2 Monitoring in Transplant Outpatients
title_full_unstemmed Potential of Dried Blood Self-Sampling for Cyclosporine C2 Monitoring in Transplant Outpatients
title_short Potential of Dried Blood Self-Sampling for Cyclosporine C2 Monitoring in Transplant Outpatients
title_sort potential of dried blood self sampling for cyclosporine c2 monitoring in transplant outpatients
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/201918
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