Real-Time Energy Management in Microgrids: Integrating T-Cell Optimization, Droop Control, and HIL Validation with OPAL-RT

Real-Time Energy Management in Microgrids: Integrating T-Cell Optimization, Droop Control, and HIL Validation with OPAL-RT

Modern microgrids face critical challenges in maintaining stability and efficiency due to renewable energy intermittency and dynamic load demands. This paper proposes a novel real-time energy management framework that synergizes a bio-inspired T-Cell optimization algorithm with decentralized voltage...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Achraf Boukaibat, Nissrine Krami, Youssef Rochdi, Yassir El Bakkali, Mohamed Laamim, Abdelilah Rochd
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
real-time energy management
T-Cell optimization
Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL)
droop control
Multi-Agent System (MAS)
OPAL-RT
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/15/4035
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