Enhancement of Efficiency in an Ex Situ Coprecipitation Method for Superparamagnetic Bacterial Cellulose Hybrid Materials
Superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) have garnered considerable interest due to their unique magnetic properties and potential for integration into multifunctional biomaterials. In particular, their incorporation into bacterial cellulose (BC...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | Membranes |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/15/7/198 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850071225521405952 |
|---|---|
| author | Thaís Cavalcante de Souza Italo José Batista Durval Hugo Moraes Meira Andréa Fernanda de Santana Costa Eduardo Padrón Hernández Attilio Converti Glória Maria Vinhas Leonie Asfora Sarubbo |
| author_facet | Thaís Cavalcante de Souza Italo José Batista Durval Hugo Moraes Meira Andréa Fernanda de Santana Costa Eduardo Padrón Hernández Attilio Converti Glória Maria Vinhas Leonie Asfora Sarubbo |
| author_sort | Thaís Cavalcante de Souza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) have garnered considerable interest due to their unique magnetic properties and potential for integration into multifunctional biomaterials. In particular, their incorporation into bacterial cellulose (BC) matrices offers a promising route for developing sustainable and high-performance magnetic composites. Numerous studies have explored BC-magnetite systems; however, innovations combining ex situ coprecipitation synthesis within BC matrices, tailored reagent molar ratios, stirring protocols, and purification processes remain limited. This study aimed to optimize the ex situ coprecipitation method for synthesizing superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles embedded in BC membranes, focusing on enhancing particle stability and crystallinity. BC membranes containing varying concentrations of magnetite (40%, 50%, 60%, and 70%) were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The resulting magnetic BC membranes demonstrated homogenous dispersion of nanoparticles, improved crystallite size (6.96 nm), and enhanced magnetic saturation (Ms) (50.4 emu/g), compared to previously reported methods. The adoption and synergistic optimization of synthesis parameters—unique to this study—conferred greater control over the physicochemical and magnetic properties of the composites. These findings position the optimized BC-magnetite nanocomposites as highly promising candidates for advanced applications, including electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, electronic devices, gas sensors, MRI contrast agents, and targeted drug delivery systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-584d7d4a1ab94aae8fc573b85fdfb621 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj-art-584d7d4a1ab94aae8fc573b85fdfb6212025-08-20T02:47:21ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752025-07-0115719810.3390/membranes15070198Enhancement of Efficiency in an Ex Situ Coprecipitation Method for Superparamagnetic Bacterial Cellulose Hybrid MaterialsThaís Cavalcante de Souza0Italo José Batista Durval1Hugo Moraes Meira2Andréa Fernanda de Santana Costa3Eduardo Padrón Hernández4Attilio Converti5Glória Maria Vinhas6Leonie Asfora Sarubbo7Center for Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Materials Science, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua Prof. Moraes Rêgo 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, BrazilAdvanced Institute of Technology and Innovation (IATI), Rua Potyra 31, Prado, Recife 50751-310, BrazilAdvanced Institute of Technology and Innovation (IATI), Rua Potyra 31, Prado, Recife 50751-310, BrazilAdvanced Institute of Technology and Innovation (IATI), Rua Potyra 31, Prado, Recife 50751-310, BrazilCenter for Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Materials Science, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua Prof. Moraes Rêgo 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, BrazilDepartment of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, Genoa University (UNIGE), Via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. dos Economistas, Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-590, BrazilAdvanced Institute of Technology and Innovation (IATI), Rua Potyra 31, Prado, Recife 50751-310, BrazilSuperparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) have garnered considerable interest due to their unique magnetic properties and potential for integration into multifunctional biomaterials. In particular, their incorporation into bacterial cellulose (BC) matrices offers a promising route for developing sustainable and high-performance magnetic composites. Numerous studies have explored BC-magnetite systems; however, innovations combining ex situ coprecipitation synthesis within BC matrices, tailored reagent molar ratios, stirring protocols, and purification processes remain limited. This study aimed to optimize the ex situ coprecipitation method for synthesizing superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles embedded in BC membranes, focusing on enhancing particle stability and crystallinity. BC membranes containing varying concentrations of magnetite (40%, 50%, 60%, and 70%) were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The resulting magnetic BC membranes demonstrated homogenous dispersion of nanoparticles, improved crystallite size (6.96 nm), and enhanced magnetic saturation (Ms) (50.4 emu/g), compared to previously reported methods. The adoption and synergistic optimization of synthesis parameters—unique to this study—conferred greater control over the physicochemical and magnetic properties of the composites. These findings position the optimized BC-magnetite nanocomposites as highly promising candidates for advanced applications, including electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, electronic devices, gas sensors, MRI contrast agents, and targeted drug delivery systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/15/7/198bacterial cellulose (BC)magnetite nanoparticlessuperparamagnetic biomembranessuperparamagnetism |
| spellingShingle | Thaís Cavalcante de Souza Italo José Batista Durval Hugo Moraes Meira Andréa Fernanda de Santana Costa Eduardo Padrón Hernández Attilio Converti Glória Maria Vinhas Leonie Asfora Sarubbo Enhancement of Efficiency in an Ex Situ Coprecipitation Method for Superparamagnetic Bacterial Cellulose Hybrid Materials Membranes bacterial cellulose (BC) magnetite nanoparticles superparamagnetic biomembranes superparamagnetism |
| title | Enhancement of Efficiency in an Ex Situ Coprecipitation Method for Superparamagnetic Bacterial Cellulose Hybrid Materials |
| title_full | Enhancement of Efficiency in an Ex Situ Coprecipitation Method for Superparamagnetic Bacterial Cellulose Hybrid Materials |
| title_fullStr | Enhancement of Efficiency in an Ex Situ Coprecipitation Method for Superparamagnetic Bacterial Cellulose Hybrid Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancement of Efficiency in an Ex Situ Coprecipitation Method for Superparamagnetic Bacterial Cellulose Hybrid Materials |
| title_short | Enhancement of Efficiency in an Ex Situ Coprecipitation Method for Superparamagnetic Bacterial Cellulose Hybrid Materials |
| title_sort | enhancement of efficiency in an ex situ coprecipitation method for superparamagnetic bacterial cellulose hybrid materials |
| topic | bacterial cellulose (BC) magnetite nanoparticles superparamagnetic biomembranes superparamagnetism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/15/7/198 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thaiscavalcantedesouza enhancementofefficiencyinanexsitucoprecipitationmethodforsuperparamagneticbacterialcellulosehybridmaterials AT italojosebatistadurval enhancementofefficiencyinanexsitucoprecipitationmethodforsuperparamagneticbacterialcellulosehybridmaterials AT hugomoraesmeira enhancementofefficiencyinanexsitucoprecipitationmethodforsuperparamagneticbacterialcellulosehybridmaterials AT andreafernandadesantanacosta enhancementofefficiencyinanexsitucoprecipitationmethodforsuperparamagneticbacterialcellulosehybridmaterials AT eduardopadronhernandez enhancementofefficiencyinanexsitucoprecipitationmethodforsuperparamagneticbacterialcellulosehybridmaterials AT attilioconverti enhancementofefficiencyinanexsitucoprecipitationmethodforsuperparamagneticbacterialcellulosehybridmaterials AT gloriamariavinhas enhancementofefficiencyinanexsitucoprecipitationmethodforsuperparamagneticbacterialcellulosehybridmaterials AT leonieasforasarubbo enhancementofefficiencyinanexsitucoprecipitationmethodforsuperparamagneticbacterialcellulosehybridmaterials |