Case Report: I want more olanzapine: pharmacogenetic insights into a patient's preference for high-dose olanzapine

Olanzapine is an effective antipsychotic agent, but its metabolism shows considerable interindividual variability. We present a case of a patient with treatment-resistant schizophrenia who consistently required and preferred high-dose olanzapine (40–60 mg/day) for symptom control. The patient report...

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Main Authors: Liam Korošec Hudnik, Ivo Kosmačin, Tanja Blagus, Vita Dolžan, Jurij Bon, Milica Pjevac
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychiatry
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1633198/full
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author Liam Korošec Hudnik
Ivo Kosmačin
Tanja Blagus
Vita Dolžan
Jurij Bon
Jurij Bon
Milica Pjevac
Milica Pjevac
author_facet Liam Korošec Hudnik
Ivo Kosmačin
Tanja Blagus
Vita Dolžan
Jurij Bon
Jurij Bon
Milica Pjevac
Milica Pjevac
author_sort Liam Korošec Hudnik
collection DOAJ
description Olanzapine is an effective antipsychotic agent, but its metabolism shows considerable interindividual variability. We present a case of a patient with treatment-resistant schizophrenia who consistently required and preferred high-dose olanzapine (40–60 mg/day) for symptom control. The patient reported improved motivation and energy following the reduction of adjunctive antipsychotics.MethodsThe patient’s clinical course and treatment history were retrospectively reviewed. Plasma olanzapine levels were measured to assess systemic drug exposure, and pharmacogenetic testing for CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 polymorphisms was performed using PCR-based genotyping.ResultsGenotyping revealed CYP1A2 -163AA genotype, consistent with an ultrarapid metabolizer phenotype, and CYP2D6 *1/*9 genotype, indicating slightly reduced but overall normal enzyme activity. At 40 mg/day, the olanzapine trough level was 51 ng/mL—lower than expected for a non-smoker—suggesting enhanced metabolic clearance. This pharmacokinetic profile, shaped by genetic predisposition and smoking, likely necessitated higher olanzapine doses to reach therapeutic levels. Discontinuation of haloperidol and risperidone was associated with improved subjective energy and engagement.ConclusionThis case illustrates how pharmacogenetic variability may influence antipsychotic efficacy and tolerability. The patient’s ultrarapid CYP1A2 metabolism and smoking status likely reduced olanzapine exposure, warranting higher doses for clinical response. Pharmacogenetic profiling may provide valuable insights into individual treatment needs and support more personalized approaches in complex psychiatric cases.
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spelling doaj-art-5842771bfdac4d1d8822d03df4cb059a2025-08-20T03:50:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402025-07-011610.3389/fpsyt.2025.16331981633198Case Report: I want more olanzapine: pharmacogenetic insights into a patient's preference for high-dose olanzapineLiam Korošec Hudnik0Ivo Kosmačin1Tanja Blagus2Vita Dolžan3Jurij Bon4Jurij Bon5Milica Pjevac6Milica Pjevac7Centre for Clinical Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaCentre for Clinical Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaPharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaPharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaCentre for Clinical Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaCentre for Clinical Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaOlanzapine is an effective antipsychotic agent, but its metabolism shows considerable interindividual variability. We present a case of a patient with treatment-resistant schizophrenia who consistently required and preferred high-dose olanzapine (40–60 mg/day) for symptom control. The patient reported improved motivation and energy following the reduction of adjunctive antipsychotics.MethodsThe patient’s clinical course and treatment history were retrospectively reviewed. Plasma olanzapine levels were measured to assess systemic drug exposure, and pharmacogenetic testing for CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 polymorphisms was performed using PCR-based genotyping.ResultsGenotyping revealed CYP1A2 -163AA genotype, consistent with an ultrarapid metabolizer phenotype, and CYP2D6 *1/*9 genotype, indicating slightly reduced but overall normal enzyme activity. At 40 mg/day, the olanzapine trough level was 51 ng/mL—lower than expected for a non-smoker—suggesting enhanced metabolic clearance. This pharmacokinetic profile, shaped by genetic predisposition and smoking, likely necessitated higher olanzapine doses to reach therapeutic levels. Discontinuation of haloperidol and risperidone was associated with improved subjective energy and engagement.ConclusionThis case illustrates how pharmacogenetic variability may influence antipsychotic efficacy and tolerability. The patient’s ultrarapid CYP1A2 metabolism and smoking status likely reduced olanzapine exposure, warranting higher doses for clinical response. Pharmacogenetic profiling may provide valuable insights into individual treatment needs and support more personalized approaches in complex psychiatric cases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1633198/fullcase reportCYP1A2CYP2D6genetic polymorphismolanzapinepersonalized psychopharmacotherapy
spellingShingle Liam Korošec Hudnik
Ivo Kosmačin
Tanja Blagus
Vita Dolžan
Jurij Bon
Jurij Bon
Milica Pjevac
Milica Pjevac
Case Report: I want more olanzapine: pharmacogenetic insights into a patient's preference for high-dose olanzapine
Frontiers in Psychiatry
case report
CYP1A2
CYP2D6
genetic polymorphism
olanzapine
personalized psychopharmacotherapy
title Case Report: I want more olanzapine: pharmacogenetic insights into a patient's preference for high-dose olanzapine
title_full Case Report: I want more olanzapine: pharmacogenetic insights into a patient's preference for high-dose olanzapine
title_fullStr Case Report: I want more olanzapine: pharmacogenetic insights into a patient's preference for high-dose olanzapine
title_full_unstemmed Case Report: I want more olanzapine: pharmacogenetic insights into a patient's preference for high-dose olanzapine
title_short Case Report: I want more olanzapine: pharmacogenetic insights into a patient's preference for high-dose olanzapine
title_sort case report i want more olanzapine pharmacogenetic insights into a patient s preference for high dose olanzapine
topic case report
CYP1A2
CYP2D6
genetic polymorphism
olanzapine
personalized psychopharmacotherapy
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1633198/full
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