Do College Freshmen Who Engage More in Online Social Comparison Tend to Be More Confused About Themselves? The Roles of Rumination and Self-Compassion

Online social comparisons play a vital role in adolescents and young adults’ self-development. This study extended research on the influence of online social comparisons on self-concept clarity among college freshmen. This study investigated the mediating role of rumination in the relationship betwe...

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Main Authors: Sujie Kang, Qian Gu, Wen Qin, Sanming Liu, Yukang Xue, Qishan Zheng, Chuanhua Gu, Yuqi Cao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Behavioral Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/15/7/849
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author Sujie Kang
Qian Gu
Wen Qin
Sanming Liu
Yukang Xue
Qishan Zheng
Chuanhua Gu
Yuqi Cao
author_facet Sujie Kang
Qian Gu
Wen Qin
Sanming Liu
Yukang Xue
Qishan Zheng
Chuanhua Gu
Yuqi Cao
author_sort Sujie Kang
collection DOAJ
description Online social comparisons play a vital role in adolescents and young adults’ self-development. This study extended research on the influence of online social comparisons on self-concept clarity among college freshmen. This study investigated the mediating role of rumination in the relationship between online social comparisons and self-concept clarity among college freshmen and further examined the moderating effect of self-compassion on this mediational pathway. A sample of 975 Chinese university freshmen were recruited to complete the Online Social Comparisons Scale, Self-Concept Clarity Scale, Rumination Scale and Self-Compassion Scale. The results indicated that among college freshmen, online social comparisons can negatively impact self-concept clarity both directly and indirectly through rumination. Self-compassion moderated the effect of rumination on self-concept clarity. Compared to college freshmen with high self-compassion, those with low self-compassion showed a steeper decline in self-concept clarity as rumination increased. This study not only uncovers the psychological mechanisms through which online social comparison damages self-concept clarity but also provides empirical support for universities to develop targeted psychological health intervention programs based on self-compassion.
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issn 2076-328X
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series Behavioral Sciences
spelling doaj-art-5840f11bdfa0433095238d7e92d9d52b2025-08-20T02:45:37ZengMDPI AGBehavioral Sciences2076-328X2025-06-0115784910.3390/bs15070849Do College Freshmen Who Engage More in Online Social Comparison Tend to Be More Confused About Themselves? The Roles of Rumination and Self-CompassionSujie Kang0Qian Gu1Wen Qin2Sanming Liu3Yukang Xue4Qishan Zheng5Chuanhua Gu6Yuqi Cao7Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, ChinaSchool of Educational Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, ChinaKey Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, ChinaMental Health Education Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDepartment of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University at Albany, SUNY 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USAKey Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, ChinaKey Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, ChinaKey Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, ChinaOnline social comparisons play a vital role in adolescents and young adults’ self-development. This study extended research on the influence of online social comparisons on self-concept clarity among college freshmen. This study investigated the mediating role of rumination in the relationship between online social comparisons and self-concept clarity among college freshmen and further examined the moderating effect of self-compassion on this mediational pathway. A sample of 975 Chinese university freshmen were recruited to complete the Online Social Comparisons Scale, Self-Concept Clarity Scale, Rumination Scale and Self-Compassion Scale. The results indicated that among college freshmen, online social comparisons can negatively impact self-concept clarity both directly and indirectly through rumination. Self-compassion moderated the effect of rumination on self-concept clarity. Compared to college freshmen with high self-compassion, those with low self-compassion showed a steeper decline in self-concept clarity as rumination increased. This study not only uncovers the psychological mechanisms through which online social comparison damages self-concept clarity but also provides empirical support for universities to develop targeted psychological health intervention programs based on self-compassion.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/15/7/849online social comparisonsself-concept clarityruminationself-compassioncollege freshmen
spellingShingle Sujie Kang
Qian Gu
Wen Qin
Sanming Liu
Yukang Xue
Qishan Zheng
Chuanhua Gu
Yuqi Cao
Do College Freshmen Who Engage More in Online Social Comparison Tend to Be More Confused About Themselves? The Roles of Rumination and Self-Compassion
Behavioral Sciences
online social comparisons
self-concept clarity
rumination
self-compassion
college freshmen
title Do College Freshmen Who Engage More in Online Social Comparison Tend to Be More Confused About Themselves? The Roles of Rumination and Self-Compassion
title_full Do College Freshmen Who Engage More in Online Social Comparison Tend to Be More Confused About Themselves? The Roles of Rumination and Self-Compassion
title_fullStr Do College Freshmen Who Engage More in Online Social Comparison Tend to Be More Confused About Themselves? The Roles of Rumination and Self-Compassion
title_full_unstemmed Do College Freshmen Who Engage More in Online Social Comparison Tend to Be More Confused About Themselves? The Roles of Rumination and Self-Compassion
title_short Do College Freshmen Who Engage More in Online Social Comparison Tend to Be More Confused About Themselves? The Roles of Rumination and Self-Compassion
title_sort do college freshmen who engage more in online social comparison tend to be more confused about themselves the roles of rumination and self compassion
topic online social comparisons
self-concept clarity
rumination
self-compassion
college freshmen
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/15/7/849
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