Metabolic Effects of Loquat Juice (<i>Eriobotrya japonica</i> Lindl <i>Mkarkeb</i> Variety) on Lipid Homeostasis, Liver Steatosis, and Oxidative Stress in Hyperlipidemic Mice Fed a High-Fat–High-Fructose Diet

Background: Loquat fruit is consumed for its flavorful taste and a rich array of health-promoting compounds like phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids. This study aimed at the biochemical characterization of fresh juice from the Moroccan <i>Mkarkeb</i> variety of loquat and evaluating i...

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Main Authors: Imane Mokhtari, Thamer Aljutaily, Huda Aljumayi, Khadija S. Radhi, Abdulkarim S. Almutairi, Hassan Barakat, Ibrahim Khalifa, Souliman Amrani, Hicham Harnafi
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Metabolites
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/11/592
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author Imane Mokhtari
Thamer Aljutaily
Huda Aljumayi
Khadija S. Radhi
Abdulkarim S. Almutairi
Hassan Barakat
Ibrahim Khalifa
Souliman Amrani
Hicham Harnafi
author_facet Imane Mokhtari
Thamer Aljutaily
Huda Aljumayi
Khadija S. Radhi
Abdulkarim S. Almutairi
Hassan Barakat
Ibrahim Khalifa
Souliman Amrani
Hicham Harnafi
author_sort Imane Mokhtari
collection DOAJ
description Background: Loquat fruit is consumed for its flavorful taste and a rich array of health-promoting compounds like phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids. This study aimed at the biochemical characterization of fresh juice from the Moroccan <i>Mkarkeb</i> variety of loquat and evaluating its effects on lipid homeostasis and liver steatosis in hyperlipidemic mice. Methods: The biochemical characterization followed AOAC methods. In vivo study involved hyperlipidemic mice fed a high-fat, high-fructose diet for 6 weeks and treated with loquat juice at 3.5 and 7 mL kg<sup>−1</sup> or fenofibrate at 4 mg·kg<sup>−1</sup>. The concentrations of lipids in plasma, liver, adipose tissue, feces, and bile and blood glucose levels were quantified. Liver steatosis was visually examined and confirmed histologically, and liver injury markers (AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, and TB) were measured. Liver oxidative stress was assessed by measuring MDA content and antioxidative enzyme activities. Results: Our findings indicate that fresh loquat juice is poor in fat and protein and contains moderate sugars with a low energy value (40.82 ± 0.25 kcal/100 g). It is also rich in minerals, vitamin C, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and carotenoids. The juice effectively restored lipid metabolism by enhancing reverse cholesterol transport and lowering LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and the atherogenic index. The studied juice decreases blood glucose and prevents weight gain and lipid accumulation in the liver and adipose tissue. The juice prevents lipotoxicity-induced liver injury, corrects toxicity markers, and improves the liver’s morphological and histological structures. It also reduces oxidative stress by lowering MDA and activating SOD and catalase. Conclusions: The juice holds high nutritional and medicinal value, potentially preventing lipid disorders and cardiovascular issues.
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spelling doaj-art-582e3a0ec6ec4c02ab4d64315684b7eb2025-08-20T01:54:03ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892024-11-01141159210.3390/metabo14110592Metabolic Effects of Loquat Juice (<i>Eriobotrya japonica</i> Lindl <i>Mkarkeb</i> Variety) on Lipid Homeostasis, Liver Steatosis, and Oxidative Stress in Hyperlipidemic Mice Fed a High-Fat–High-Fructose DietImane Mokhtari0Thamer Aljutaily1Huda Aljumayi2Khadija S. Radhi3Abdulkarim S. Almutairi4Hassan Barakat5Ibrahim Khalifa6Souliman Amrani7Hicham Harnafi8Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed I, Oujda 60 000, MoroccoDepartment of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaAl Rass General Hospital, Qassim Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, King Khalid District, Al Rass, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaFood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor 13736, EgyptLaboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed I, Oujda 60 000, MoroccoLaboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnologies, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed I, Oujda 60 000, MoroccoBackground: Loquat fruit is consumed for its flavorful taste and a rich array of health-promoting compounds like phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids. This study aimed at the biochemical characterization of fresh juice from the Moroccan <i>Mkarkeb</i> variety of loquat and evaluating its effects on lipid homeostasis and liver steatosis in hyperlipidemic mice. Methods: The biochemical characterization followed AOAC methods. In vivo study involved hyperlipidemic mice fed a high-fat, high-fructose diet for 6 weeks and treated with loquat juice at 3.5 and 7 mL kg<sup>−1</sup> or fenofibrate at 4 mg·kg<sup>−1</sup>. The concentrations of lipids in plasma, liver, adipose tissue, feces, and bile and blood glucose levels were quantified. Liver steatosis was visually examined and confirmed histologically, and liver injury markers (AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, and TB) were measured. Liver oxidative stress was assessed by measuring MDA content and antioxidative enzyme activities. Results: Our findings indicate that fresh loquat juice is poor in fat and protein and contains moderate sugars with a low energy value (40.82 ± 0.25 kcal/100 g). It is also rich in minerals, vitamin C, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and carotenoids. The juice effectively restored lipid metabolism by enhancing reverse cholesterol transport and lowering LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and the atherogenic index. The studied juice decreases blood glucose and prevents weight gain and lipid accumulation in the liver and adipose tissue. The juice prevents lipotoxicity-induced liver injury, corrects toxicity markers, and improves the liver’s morphological and histological structures. It also reduces oxidative stress by lowering MDA and activating SOD and catalase. Conclusions: The juice holds high nutritional and medicinal value, potentially preventing lipid disorders and cardiovascular issues.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/11/592lipid metabolismloquat juicehepatic steatosishigh-fat/high fructose dietfruitfood supply
spellingShingle Imane Mokhtari
Thamer Aljutaily
Huda Aljumayi
Khadija S. Radhi
Abdulkarim S. Almutairi
Hassan Barakat
Ibrahim Khalifa
Souliman Amrani
Hicham Harnafi
Metabolic Effects of Loquat Juice (<i>Eriobotrya japonica</i> Lindl <i>Mkarkeb</i> Variety) on Lipid Homeostasis, Liver Steatosis, and Oxidative Stress in Hyperlipidemic Mice Fed a High-Fat–High-Fructose Diet
Metabolites
lipid metabolism
loquat juice
hepatic steatosis
high-fat/high fructose diet
fruit
food supply
title Metabolic Effects of Loquat Juice (<i>Eriobotrya japonica</i> Lindl <i>Mkarkeb</i> Variety) on Lipid Homeostasis, Liver Steatosis, and Oxidative Stress in Hyperlipidemic Mice Fed a High-Fat–High-Fructose Diet
title_full Metabolic Effects of Loquat Juice (<i>Eriobotrya japonica</i> Lindl <i>Mkarkeb</i> Variety) on Lipid Homeostasis, Liver Steatosis, and Oxidative Stress in Hyperlipidemic Mice Fed a High-Fat–High-Fructose Diet
title_fullStr Metabolic Effects of Loquat Juice (<i>Eriobotrya japonica</i> Lindl <i>Mkarkeb</i> Variety) on Lipid Homeostasis, Liver Steatosis, and Oxidative Stress in Hyperlipidemic Mice Fed a High-Fat–High-Fructose Diet
title_full_unstemmed Metabolic Effects of Loquat Juice (<i>Eriobotrya japonica</i> Lindl <i>Mkarkeb</i> Variety) on Lipid Homeostasis, Liver Steatosis, and Oxidative Stress in Hyperlipidemic Mice Fed a High-Fat–High-Fructose Diet
title_short Metabolic Effects of Loquat Juice (<i>Eriobotrya japonica</i> Lindl <i>Mkarkeb</i> Variety) on Lipid Homeostasis, Liver Steatosis, and Oxidative Stress in Hyperlipidemic Mice Fed a High-Fat–High-Fructose Diet
title_sort metabolic effects of loquat juice i eriobotrya japonica i lindl i mkarkeb i variety on lipid homeostasis liver steatosis and oxidative stress in hyperlipidemic mice fed a high fat high fructose diet
topic lipid metabolism
loquat juice
hepatic steatosis
high-fat/high fructose diet
fruit
food supply
url https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/11/592
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