The Influence of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Resistance Trends at a Secondary Care Hospital in Slovenia: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis

<b>Background/Objectives.</b> Our study aimed to determine the development of antibiotic resistance during the peri-pandemic period in a regional secondary care hospital using an interrupted time series analysis. <b>Methods</b>. We analyzed data from seven years, accounting f...

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Main Authors: Samo Jeverica, Darja Barlič Maganja, Jani Dernič, Peter Golob, Alenka Stepišnik, Bojan Novak, Lea Papst, Anamarija Juriševič Dodič, Mladen Gasparini
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Antibiotics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/11/1033
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author Samo Jeverica
Darja Barlič Maganja
Jani Dernič
Peter Golob
Alenka Stepišnik
Bojan Novak
Lea Papst
Anamarija Juriševič Dodič
Mladen Gasparini
author_facet Samo Jeverica
Darja Barlič Maganja
Jani Dernič
Peter Golob
Alenka Stepišnik
Bojan Novak
Lea Papst
Anamarija Juriševič Dodič
Mladen Gasparini
author_sort Samo Jeverica
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background/Objectives.</b> Our study aimed to determine the development of antibiotic resistance during the peri-pandemic period in a regional secondary care hospital using an interrupted time series analysis. <b>Methods</b>. We analyzed data from seven years, accounting for 441,149 patient days. The incidence density of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) burden and infection was reported per 1000 patient days. <b>Results.</b> During the COVID-19 period, a significant increase in the mean incidence density of the total MDR burden from 4.93 to 5.81 per 1000 patient days was observed (<i>p</i> = 0.007). On the other hand, the mean incidence density of MDR infections decreased from 1.61 to 1.29 per 1000 patient days (<i>p</i> = 0.019). Using the interrupted time series analysis, the same trends were observed, namely the overall increasing trend in MDR burden and the overall decreasing trend in MDR infections. This divergent trend is mainly due to similar trends in several Gram-negative MDR, namely ESBL-EC, ESBL-KP and CRE. <b>Conclusions.</b> Due to the increasing burden of MDR, it is necessary to strengthen AMR surveillance. In addition, strict infection prevention and control measures, and antimicrobial stewardship programs continue to be important components in the fight against resistant bacteria.
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spelling doaj-art-57f7cb0c6d264b2d9380a3f8413f66742025-08-20T02:08:00ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822024-11-011311103310.3390/antibiotics13111033The Influence of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Resistance Trends at a Secondary Care Hospital in Slovenia: An Interrupted Time Series AnalysisSamo Jeverica0Darja Barlič Maganja1Jani Dernič2Peter Golob3Alenka Stepišnik4Bojan Novak5Lea Papst6Anamarija Juriševič Dodič7Mladen Gasparini8Izola General Hospital, 6310 Izola, SloveniaFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, SloveniaIzola General Hospital, 6310 Izola, SloveniaIzola General Hospital, 6310 Izola, SloveniaIzola General Hospital, 6310 Izola, SloveniaIzola General Hospital, 6310 Izola, SloveniaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Medical Microbiology Koper, National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, 2000 Maribor, SloveniaIzola General Hospital, 6310 Izola, Slovenia<b>Background/Objectives.</b> Our study aimed to determine the development of antibiotic resistance during the peri-pandemic period in a regional secondary care hospital using an interrupted time series analysis. <b>Methods</b>. We analyzed data from seven years, accounting for 441,149 patient days. The incidence density of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) burden and infection was reported per 1000 patient days. <b>Results.</b> During the COVID-19 period, a significant increase in the mean incidence density of the total MDR burden from 4.93 to 5.81 per 1000 patient days was observed (<i>p</i> = 0.007). On the other hand, the mean incidence density of MDR infections decreased from 1.61 to 1.29 per 1000 patient days (<i>p</i> = 0.019). Using the interrupted time series analysis, the same trends were observed, namely the overall increasing trend in MDR burden and the overall decreasing trend in MDR infections. This divergent trend is mainly due to similar trends in several Gram-negative MDR, namely ESBL-EC, ESBL-KP and CRE. <b>Conclusions.</b> Due to the increasing burden of MDR, it is necessary to strengthen AMR surveillance. In addition, strict infection prevention and control measures, and antimicrobial stewardship programs continue to be important components in the fight against resistant bacteria.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/11/1033antimicrobial resistanceCOVID-19Sloveniainterrupted time series analysis
spellingShingle Samo Jeverica
Darja Barlič Maganja
Jani Dernič
Peter Golob
Alenka Stepišnik
Bojan Novak
Lea Papst
Anamarija Juriševič Dodič
Mladen Gasparini
The Influence of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Resistance Trends at a Secondary Care Hospital in Slovenia: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
Antibiotics
antimicrobial resistance
COVID-19
Slovenia
interrupted time series analysis
title The Influence of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Resistance Trends at a Secondary Care Hospital in Slovenia: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
title_full The Influence of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Resistance Trends at a Secondary Care Hospital in Slovenia: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
title_fullStr The Influence of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Resistance Trends at a Secondary Care Hospital in Slovenia: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
title_full_unstemmed The Influence of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Resistance Trends at a Secondary Care Hospital in Slovenia: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
title_short The Influence of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Resistance Trends at a Secondary Care Hospital in Slovenia: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
title_sort influence of covid 19 on antimicrobial resistance trends at a secondary care hospital in slovenia an interrupted time series analysis
topic antimicrobial resistance
COVID-19
Slovenia
interrupted time series analysis
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/13/11/1033
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