Next-generation sequencing and immuno-informatics for designing a multi-epitope vaccine against HSV-1-induced uveitis
BackgroundUveitis, characterized by intraocular inflammation, poses significant clinical challenges, often leading to vision impairment or blindness. Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a major cause of virus-induced uveitis. This study aims to design a novel multi-epitope vaccine targeting HSV-1...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1461725/full |
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| author | He Cao Zhi Cao Yue Han Jing Shan |
| author_facet | He Cao Zhi Cao Yue Han Jing Shan |
| author_sort | He Cao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundUveitis, characterized by intraocular inflammation, poses significant clinical challenges, often leading to vision impairment or blindness. Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a major cause of virus-induced uveitis. This study aims to design a novel multi-epitope vaccine targeting HSV-1 glycoproteins B, C, D, H, and L using an immuno-informatics approach, which are essential for viral entry and pathogenesis.MethodsThe study identified epitopes for CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and B cells within the target glycoproteins. These epitopes were systematically evaluated for conservancy, immunogenicity, non-allergenicity, non-glycosylated regions, and binding affinities. A multi-epitope construct was designed, incorporating these epitopes along with an adjuvant, a PADRE sequence, and suitable linkers. In-silico immune simulations were performed to evaluate the vaccine’s potential to activate both innate and adaptive immune responses. Molecular docking simulations assessed the binding interactions between the multi-epitope vaccine and Toll-like receptor (TLR-9).ResultsThe selected epitopes demonstrated high conservancy, immunogenicity, and non-allergenicity. The multi-epitope construct effectively activated cytokine production, immunoglobulin secretion, and T cell responses in in-silico immune simulations. Molecular docking simulations showed strong binding interactions between the vaccine and TLR-9, suggesting enhanced antigen presentation capabilities.ConclusionThis comprehensive immuno-informatics approach provides a precision immunotherapy strategy for uveitis by leveraging computational modeling and predictive analytics to design a multi-epitope vaccine for HSV-1. The in-silico results indicate the vaccine’s potential efficacy in activating immune responses. Future experimental validation and clinical studies are necessary to confirm the safety and efficacy of this proposed vaccine in managing uveitis and preserving vision. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-57f0ae4e806c422c82ed10352d2727bd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-57f0ae4e806c422c82ed10352d2727bd2025-01-31T06:40:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-01-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.14617251461725Next-generation sequencing and immuno-informatics for designing a multi-epitope vaccine against HSV-1-induced uveitisHe Cao0Zhi Cao1Yue Han2Jing Shan3Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaVPL Department, Mentor Graphics Technology (Shenzhen) CO. LTD., Shenzhen, Guangdong, ChinaNangang Branch, The Second Hospital of Heilong Jiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, ChinaBackgroundUveitis, characterized by intraocular inflammation, poses significant clinical challenges, often leading to vision impairment or blindness. Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a major cause of virus-induced uveitis. This study aims to design a novel multi-epitope vaccine targeting HSV-1 glycoproteins B, C, D, H, and L using an immuno-informatics approach, which are essential for viral entry and pathogenesis.MethodsThe study identified epitopes for CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and B cells within the target glycoproteins. These epitopes were systematically evaluated for conservancy, immunogenicity, non-allergenicity, non-glycosylated regions, and binding affinities. A multi-epitope construct was designed, incorporating these epitopes along with an adjuvant, a PADRE sequence, and suitable linkers. In-silico immune simulations were performed to evaluate the vaccine’s potential to activate both innate and adaptive immune responses. Molecular docking simulations assessed the binding interactions between the multi-epitope vaccine and Toll-like receptor (TLR-9).ResultsThe selected epitopes demonstrated high conservancy, immunogenicity, and non-allergenicity. The multi-epitope construct effectively activated cytokine production, immunoglobulin secretion, and T cell responses in in-silico immune simulations. Molecular docking simulations showed strong binding interactions between the vaccine and TLR-9, suggesting enhanced antigen presentation capabilities.ConclusionThis comprehensive immuno-informatics approach provides a precision immunotherapy strategy for uveitis by leveraging computational modeling and predictive analytics to design a multi-epitope vaccine for HSV-1. The in-silico results indicate the vaccine’s potential efficacy in activating immune responses. Future experimental validation and clinical studies are necessary to confirm the safety and efficacy of this proposed vaccine in managing uveitis and preserving vision.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1461725/fullepitopesglycoproteinsherpes simplex virus type-1NGS-immuno-informaticsuveitis |
| spellingShingle | He Cao Zhi Cao Yue Han Jing Shan Next-generation sequencing and immuno-informatics for designing a multi-epitope vaccine against HSV-1-induced uveitis Frontiers in Immunology epitopes glycoproteins herpes simplex virus type-1 NGS-immuno-informatics uveitis |
| title | Next-generation sequencing and immuno-informatics for designing a multi-epitope vaccine against HSV-1-induced uveitis |
| title_full | Next-generation sequencing and immuno-informatics for designing a multi-epitope vaccine against HSV-1-induced uveitis |
| title_fullStr | Next-generation sequencing and immuno-informatics for designing a multi-epitope vaccine against HSV-1-induced uveitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Next-generation sequencing and immuno-informatics for designing a multi-epitope vaccine against HSV-1-induced uveitis |
| title_short | Next-generation sequencing and immuno-informatics for designing a multi-epitope vaccine against HSV-1-induced uveitis |
| title_sort | next generation sequencing and immuno informatics for designing a multi epitope vaccine against hsv 1 induced uveitis |
| topic | epitopes glycoproteins herpes simplex virus type-1 NGS-immuno-informatics uveitis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1461725/full |
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