Comparison of measurement performance among Tono-Vera vet, Tono-Pen vet, and Tono-Vet plus using an ex vivo porcine eye model
Abstract Background Accurate measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) is critical in veterinary ophthalmology, yet performance differences between handheld tonometers remain a clinical challenge. This original article aims to directly evaluate the newly launched Reichert® Tono-Vera Vet (TVV) compar...
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BMC
2025-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Veterinary Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04860-3 |
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| author | Jen-Shuai Chang Yan-Hui Li Heng-Ju Lin Yi-Shan Chiang |
| author_facet | Jen-Shuai Chang Yan-Hui Li Heng-Ju Lin Yi-Shan Chiang |
| author_sort | Jen-Shuai Chang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Accurate measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) is critical in veterinary ophthalmology, yet performance differences between handheld tonometers remain a clinical challenge. This original article aims to directly evaluate the newly launched Reichert® Tono-Vera Vet (TVV) compared to two commonly used tonometers, the Icare® Tono-Vet Plus (TVP) and Reichert® Tono-Pen Vet (TPV), using an ex vivo porcine eye model across a wide range of IOP levels. Methods Ten eyes were used to compare the accuracy and consistency of TVV, TVP, and TPV across physiological (5–25 mmHg) and high (30–70 mmHg) intraocular pressure (IOP) ranges. Bias assessment, Bland-Altman plots, regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were conducted. Results TVV demonstrated superior accuracy in the physiological range, with a mean deviation of 1.16 ± 2.31 mmHg and narrow limits of agreement (min =−3.38 mmHg, max = 5.69 mmHg). At higher pressures, TVV’s variability increased (mean deviation = 0.566 ± 5.95 mmHg). TVP consistently overestimated IOP, particularly at high pressures (mean deviation = 5.68 ± 6.46 mmHg), while TPV significantly underestimated IOP (mean deviation =−11.0 ± 8.55 mmHg; p < 0.001). Bland-Altman analysis confirmed TVV’s better agreement with true IOP in the physiological range. Regression analysis showed a strong correlation for TVV (R² > 0.90), and ROC analysis highlighted its strong discriminative ability (AUC = 0.913). None of the devices effectively differentiated accurate measurements at high IOPs. Conclusions TVV outperformed TVP and TPV in accuracy and consistency, particularly for physiological IOPs. Its reliability supports its use in routine IOP assessments, though all devices showed limitations at elevated pressures. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-57de5130890e48bbbb9231d30d520ad9 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-57de5130890e48bbbb9231d30d520ad92025-08-20T02:39:24ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482025-06-012111910.1186/s12917-025-04860-3Comparison of measurement performance among Tono-Vera vet, Tono-Pen vet, and Tono-Vet plus using an ex vivo porcine eye modelJen-Shuai Chang0Yan-Hui Li1Heng-Ju Lin2Yi-Shan Chiang3Aurora Animal HospitalAurora Animal HospitalAurora Animal HospitalAurora Animal HospitalAbstract Background Accurate measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) is critical in veterinary ophthalmology, yet performance differences between handheld tonometers remain a clinical challenge. This original article aims to directly evaluate the newly launched Reichert® Tono-Vera Vet (TVV) compared to two commonly used tonometers, the Icare® Tono-Vet Plus (TVP) and Reichert® Tono-Pen Vet (TPV), using an ex vivo porcine eye model across a wide range of IOP levels. Methods Ten eyes were used to compare the accuracy and consistency of TVV, TVP, and TPV across physiological (5–25 mmHg) and high (30–70 mmHg) intraocular pressure (IOP) ranges. Bias assessment, Bland-Altman plots, regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were conducted. Results TVV demonstrated superior accuracy in the physiological range, with a mean deviation of 1.16 ± 2.31 mmHg and narrow limits of agreement (min =−3.38 mmHg, max = 5.69 mmHg). At higher pressures, TVV’s variability increased (mean deviation = 0.566 ± 5.95 mmHg). TVP consistently overestimated IOP, particularly at high pressures (mean deviation = 5.68 ± 6.46 mmHg), while TPV significantly underestimated IOP (mean deviation =−11.0 ± 8.55 mmHg; p < 0.001). Bland-Altman analysis confirmed TVV’s better agreement with true IOP in the physiological range. Regression analysis showed a strong correlation for TVV (R² > 0.90), and ROC analysis highlighted its strong discriminative ability (AUC = 0.913). None of the devices effectively differentiated accurate measurements at high IOPs. Conclusions TVV outperformed TVP and TPV in accuracy and consistency, particularly for physiological IOPs. Its reliability supports its use in routine IOP assessments, though all devices showed limitations at elevated pressures.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04860-3Tonometer performanceIntraocular pressureBias analysisRegression analysisBland-Altman analysisReceiver operating characteristic analysis |
| spellingShingle | Jen-Shuai Chang Yan-Hui Li Heng-Ju Lin Yi-Shan Chiang Comparison of measurement performance among Tono-Vera vet, Tono-Pen vet, and Tono-Vet plus using an ex vivo porcine eye model BMC Veterinary Research Tonometer performance Intraocular pressure Bias analysis Regression analysis Bland-Altman analysis Receiver operating characteristic analysis |
| title | Comparison of measurement performance among Tono-Vera vet, Tono-Pen vet, and Tono-Vet plus using an ex vivo porcine eye model |
| title_full | Comparison of measurement performance among Tono-Vera vet, Tono-Pen vet, and Tono-Vet plus using an ex vivo porcine eye model |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of measurement performance among Tono-Vera vet, Tono-Pen vet, and Tono-Vet plus using an ex vivo porcine eye model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of measurement performance among Tono-Vera vet, Tono-Pen vet, and Tono-Vet plus using an ex vivo porcine eye model |
| title_short | Comparison of measurement performance among Tono-Vera vet, Tono-Pen vet, and Tono-Vet plus using an ex vivo porcine eye model |
| title_sort | comparison of measurement performance among tono vera vet tono pen vet and tono vet plus using an ex vivo porcine eye model |
| topic | Tonometer performance Intraocular pressure Bias analysis Regression analysis Bland-Altman analysis Receiver operating characteristic analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04860-3 |
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