Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters

Beyond its hemodynamic function, the heart also acts as a neuroendocrine and immunoregulatory organ. A dynamic communication between the heart and other organs takes place constantly to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. The current understanding highlights the importance of the endocrine, immune,...

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Main Authors: Carlo Dal Lin, Francesco Tona, Elena Osto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2015-01-01
Series:International Journal of Endocrinology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/312848
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author Carlo Dal Lin
Francesco Tona
Elena Osto
author_facet Carlo Dal Lin
Francesco Tona
Elena Osto
author_sort Carlo Dal Lin
collection DOAJ
description Beyond its hemodynamic function, the heart also acts as a neuroendocrine and immunoregulatory organ. A dynamic communication between the heart and other organs takes place constantly to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. The current understanding highlights the importance of the endocrine, immune, and nervous factors to fine-tune the crosstalk of the cardiovascular system with the entire body. Once disrupted, this complex interorgan communication may promote the onset and the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, expanding our knowledge on how these factors influence the cardiovascular system can lead to novel therapeutic strategies to improve patient care. In the present paper, we review novel concepts on the role of endocrine, immune, and nervous factors in the modulation of microvascular coronary function.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1687-8337
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series International Journal of Endocrinology
spelling doaj-art-57d8b8f5195b49df8b29869163e4dee42025-02-03T01:20:28ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452015-01-01201510.1155/2015/312848312848Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and NeurotransmittersCarlo Dal Lin0Francesco Tona1Elena Osto2Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padua, ItalyDepartment of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padua, ItalyCentre for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich and University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, SwitzerlandBeyond its hemodynamic function, the heart also acts as a neuroendocrine and immunoregulatory organ. A dynamic communication between the heart and other organs takes place constantly to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. The current understanding highlights the importance of the endocrine, immune, and nervous factors to fine-tune the crosstalk of the cardiovascular system with the entire body. Once disrupted, this complex interorgan communication may promote the onset and the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, expanding our knowledge on how these factors influence the cardiovascular system can lead to novel therapeutic strategies to improve patient care. In the present paper, we review novel concepts on the role of endocrine, immune, and nervous factors in the modulation of microvascular coronary function.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/312848
spellingShingle Carlo Dal Lin
Francesco Tona
Elena Osto
Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters
International Journal of Endocrinology
title Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters
title_full Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters
title_fullStr Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters
title_full_unstemmed Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters
title_short Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters
title_sort coronary microvascular function and beyond the crosstalk between hormones cytokines and neurotransmitters
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/312848
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AT francescotona coronarymicrovascularfunctionandbeyondthecrosstalkbetweenhormonescytokinesandneurotransmitters
AT elenaosto coronarymicrovascularfunctionandbeyondthecrosstalkbetweenhormonescytokinesandneurotransmitters