Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters
Beyond its hemodynamic function, the heart also acts as a neuroendocrine and immunoregulatory organ. A dynamic communication between the heart and other organs takes place constantly to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. The current understanding highlights the importance of the endocrine, immune,...
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Language: | English |
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Wiley
2015-01-01
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Series: | International Journal of Endocrinology |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/312848 |
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author | Carlo Dal Lin Francesco Tona Elena Osto |
author_facet | Carlo Dal Lin Francesco Tona Elena Osto |
author_sort | Carlo Dal Lin |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Beyond its hemodynamic function, the heart also acts as a neuroendocrine and immunoregulatory organ. A dynamic communication between the heart and other organs takes place constantly to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. The current understanding highlights the importance of the endocrine, immune, and nervous factors to fine-tune the crosstalk of the cardiovascular system with the entire body. Once disrupted, this complex interorgan communication may promote the onset and the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, expanding our knowledge on how these factors influence the cardiovascular system can lead to novel therapeutic strategies to improve patient care. In the present paper, we review novel concepts on the role of endocrine, immune, and nervous factors in the modulation of microvascular coronary function. |
format | Article |
id | doaj-art-57d8b8f5195b49df8b29869163e4dee4 |
institution | Kabale University |
issn | 1687-8337 1687-8345 |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
publisher | Wiley |
record_format | Article |
series | International Journal of Endocrinology |
spelling | doaj-art-57d8b8f5195b49df8b29869163e4dee42025-02-03T01:20:28ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452015-01-01201510.1155/2015/312848312848Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and NeurotransmittersCarlo Dal Lin0Francesco Tona1Elena Osto2Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padua, ItalyDepartment of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35100 Padua, ItalyCentre for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich and University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, SwitzerlandBeyond its hemodynamic function, the heart also acts as a neuroendocrine and immunoregulatory organ. A dynamic communication between the heart and other organs takes place constantly to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. The current understanding highlights the importance of the endocrine, immune, and nervous factors to fine-tune the crosstalk of the cardiovascular system with the entire body. Once disrupted, this complex interorgan communication may promote the onset and the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, expanding our knowledge on how these factors influence the cardiovascular system can lead to novel therapeutic strategies to improve patient care. In the present paper, we review novel concepts on the role of endocrine, immune, and nervous factors in the modulation of microvascular coronary function.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/312848 |
spellingShingle | Carlo Dal Lin Francesco Tona Elena Osto Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters International Journal of Endocrinology |
title | Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters |
title_full | Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters |
title_fullStr | Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters |
title_full_unstemmed | Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters |
title_short | Coronary Microvascular Function and Beyond: The Crosstalk between Hormones, Cytokines, and Neurotransmitters |
title_sort | coronary microvascular function and beyond the crosstalk between hormones cytokines and neurotransmitters |
url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/312848 |
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