Ecological momentary assessment of physical and eating behaviours: The WEALTH feasibility and optimisation study with recommendations for large-scale data collection.
Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) enables the real-time capture of health-related behaviours, their situational contexts, and associated subjective experiences. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of an EMA targeting physical and eating behaviours, optimise its protocol, and provide rec...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318772 |
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| author | Michael Janek Jitka Kuhnova Greet Cardon Delfien Van Dyck Richard Cimler Steriani Elavsky Leopold K Fezeu Jean-Michel Oppert Christoph Buck Antje Hebestreit Janas Harrington Luis Sigcha Pepijn Van de Ven Alan Donnelly Tomas Vetrovsky WEALTH consortium |
| author_facet | Michael Janek Jitka Kuhnova Greet Cardon Delfien Van Dyck Richard Cimler Steriani Elavsky Leopold K Fezeu Jean-Michel Oppert Christoph Buck Antje Hebestreit Janas Harrington Luis Sigcha Pepijn Van de Ven Alan Donnelly Tomas Vetrovsky WEALTH consortium |
| author_sort | Michael Janek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) enables the real-time capture of health-related behaviours, their situational contexts, and associated subjective experiences. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of an EMA targeting physical and eating behaviours, optimise its protocol, and provide recommendations for future large-scale EMA data collections. The study involved 52 participants (age 31±9 years, 56% females) from Czechia, France, Germany, and Ireland completing a 9-day free-living EMA protocol using the HealthReact platform connected to a Fitbit tracker. The EMA protocol included time-based (7/day), event-based (up to 10/day), and self-initiated surveys, each containing 8 to 17 items assessing physical and eating behaviours and related contextual factors such as affective states, location, and company. Qualitative insights were gathered from post-EMA feedback interviews. Compliance was low (median 49%), particularly for event-based surveys (median 34%), and declined over time. Many participants were unable or unwilling to complete surveys in certain contexts (e.g., when with family), faced interference with their daily schedules, and encountered occasional technical issues, suggesting the need for thorough initial training, an individualised protocol, and systematic compliance monitoring. The number of event-based surveys was less than desired for the study, with a median of 2.4/day for sedentary events, when 4 were targeted, and 0.9/day for walking events, when 3 were targeted. Conducting simulations using participants' Fitbit data allowed for optimising the triggering rules, achieving the desired median number of sedentary and walking surveys (3.9/day for both) in similar populations. Self-initiated reports of meals and drinks yielded more reports than those prompted in time-based and event-based EMA surveys, suggesting that self-initiated surveys might better reflect actual eating behaviours. This study highlights the importance of assessing feasibility and optimising EMA protocols to enhance subsequent compliance and data quality. Conducting pre-tests to refine protocols and procedures, including simulations using participants' activity data for optimal event-based triggering rules, is crucial for successful large-scale data collection in EMA studies of physical and eating behaviours. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-57c5d3c822b14219bf7a0f7080fae03b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-57c5d3c822b14219bf7a0f7080fae03b2025-08-20T03:48:51ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01202e031877210.1371/journal.pone.0318772Ecological momentary assessment of physical and eating behaviours: The WEALTH feasibility and optimisation study with recommendations for large-scale data collection.Michael JanekJitka KuhnovaGreet CardonDelfien Van DyckRichard CimlerSteriani ElavskyLeopold K FezeuJean-Michel OppertChristoph BuckAntje HebestreitJanas HarringtonLuis SigchaPepijn Van de VenAlan DonnellyTomas VetrovskyWEALTH consortiumEcological Momentary Assessment (EMA) enables the real-time capture of health-related behaviours, their situational contexts, and associated subjective experiences. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of an EMA targeting physical and eating behaviours, optimise its protocol, and provide recommendations for future large-scale EMA data collections. The study involved 52 participants (age 31±9 years, 56% females) from Czechia, France, Germany, and Ireland completing a 9-day free-living EMA protocol using the HealthReact platform connected to a Fitbit tracker. The EMA protocol included time-based (7/day), event-based (up to 10/day), and self-initiated surveys, each containing 8 to 17 items assessing physical and eating behaviours and related contextual factors such as affective states, location, and company. Qualitative insights were gathered from post-EMA feedback interviews. Compliance was low (median 49%), particularly for event-based surveys (median 34%), and declined over time. Many participants were unable or unwilling to complete surveys in certain contexts (e.g., when with family), faced interference with their daily schedules, and encountered occasional technical issues, suggesting the need for thorough initial training, an individualised protocol, and systematic compliance monitoring. The number of event-based surveys was less than desired for the study, with a median of 2.4/day for sedentary events, when 4 were targeted, and 0.9/day for walking events, when 3 were targeted. Conducting simulations using participants' Fitbit data allowed for optimising the triggering rules, achieving the desired median number of sedentary and walking surveys (3.9/day for both) in similar populations. Self-initiated reports of meals and drinks yielded more reports than those prompted in time-based and event-based EMA surveys, suggesting that self-initiated surveys might better reflect actual eating behaviours. This study highlights the importance of assessing feasibility and optimising EMA protocols to enhance subsequent compliance and data quality. Conducting pre-tests to refine protocols and procedures, including simulations using participants' activity data for optimal event-based triggering rules, is crucial for successful large-scale data collection in EMA studies of physical and eating behaviours.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318772 |
| spellingShingle | Michael Janek Jitka Kuhnova Greet Cardon Delfien Van Dyck Richard Cimler Steriani Elavsky Leopold K Fezeu Jean-Michel Oppert Christoph Buck Antje Hebestreit Janas Harrington Luis Sigcha Pepijn Van de Ven Alan Donnelly Tomas Vetrovsky WEALTH consortium Ecological momentary assessment of physical and eating behaviours: The WEALTH feasibility and optimisation study with recommendations for large-scale data collection. PLoS ONE |
| title | Ecological momentary assessment of physical and eating behaviours: The WEALTH feasibility and optimisation study with recommendations for large-scale data collection. |
| title_full | Ecological momentary assessment of physical and eating behaviours: The WEALTH feasibility and optimisation study with recommendations for large-scale data collection. |
| title_fullStr | Ecological momentary assessment of physical and eating behaviours: The WEALTH feasibility and optimisation study with recommendations for large-scale data collection. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ecological momentary assessment of physical and eating behaviours: The WEALTH feasibility and optimisation study with recommendations for large-scale data collection. |
| title_short | Ecological momentary assessment of physical and eating behaviours: The WEALTH feasibility and optimisation study with recommendations for large-scale data collection. |
| title_sort | ecological momentary assessment of physical and eating behaviours the wealth feasibility and optimisation study with recommendations for large scale data collection |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318772 |
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