The ultradian rhythm of glucocorticoid secretion and the time course of target gene regulation
Glucocorticoid hormones (cortisol in humans and corticosterone in rodents) are secreted in discrete pulses during a day with a periodicityof approximately 1 h (ultradian rhythm), and this pattern is also maintained in plasma and extracellular fluid. However, the vast majority of studies on gene regu...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders
2015-07-01
|
| Series: | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/366 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832575293975429120 |
|---|---|
| author | V. M. Merkulov N. V. Klimova T. I. Merkulova |
| author_facet | V. M. Merkulov N. V. Klimova T. I. Merkulova |
| author_sort | V. M. Merkulov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Glucocorticoid hormones (cortisol in humans and corticosterone in rodents) are secreted in discrete pulses during a day with a periodicityof approximately 1 h (ultradian rhythm), and this pattern is also maintained in plasma and extracellular fluid. However, the vast majority of studies on gene regulation by glucocorticoids typically assess gene responses regardless the ultradian rhythm. These experiments are usually performed using long-term stimulation with synthetic hormones (dexamethasone and triamcinolone), which form much more stable complexes with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) then natural hormones. This review summarizes the current scarce information, obtained in experiments mimicking the ultradian mode of natural hormone secretion in cultured cells and in animal models. The results of these experiments clearly demonstrate that ultradian stimulation by natural hormones induces rapid GR exchange with glucocorticoid response elements and leads to cyclic GR mediated transcriptional regulation (gene pulsing) at the level of nascent RNA. In contrast, synthetic glucocorticoids, having much higher receptor affinity, fail to disengage from nuclear receptors with sufficient speed to support the ultradian cycles, thereby uncoupling extracellular hormone fluctuations from appropriate receptor function at response elements. This alters RNA accumulation profiles dramatically. These findings suggest potentially important consequences of ultradian secretion. The transcriptional program induced by hormone pulses differs significantly from that generated by constant hormone treatment. Thus, treatment with synthetic glucocorticoids may not provide an accurate assessment of physiological hormone action. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-57ab93e13a424798a7815b37fa208deb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2500-3259 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-07-01 |
| publisher | Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
| spelling | doaj-art-57ab93e13a424798a7815b37fa208deb2025-02-01T09:58:01ZengSiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and BreedersВавиловский журнал генетики и селекции2500-32592015-07-0119221422110.18699/VJ15.027345The ultradian rhythm of glucocorticoid secretion and the time course of target gene regulationV. M. Merkulov0N. V. Klimova1T. I. Merkulova2Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, RussiaGlucocorticoid hormones (cortisol in humans and corticosterone in rodents) are secreted in discrete pulses during a day with a periodicityof approximately 1 h (ultradian rhythm), and this pattern is also maintained in plasma and extracellular fluid. However, the vast majority of studies on gene regulation by glucocorticoids typically assess gene responses regardless the ultradian rhythm. These experiments are usually performed using long-term stimulation with synthetic hormones (dexamethasone and triamcinolone), which form much more stable complexes with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) then natural hormones. This review summarizes the current scarce information, obtained in experiments mimicking the ultradian mode of natural hormone secretion in cultured cells and in animal models. The results of these experiments clearly demonstrate that ultradian stimulation by natural hormones induces rapid GR exchange with glucocorticoid response elements and leads to cyclic GR mediated transcriptional regulation (gene pulsing) at the level of nascent RNA. In contrast, synthetic glucocorticoids, having much higher receptor affinity, fail to disengage from nuclear receptors with sufficient speed to support the ultradian cycles, thereby uncoupling extracellular hormone fluctuations from appropriate receptor function at response elements. This alters RNA accumulation profiles dramatically. These findings suggest potentially important consequences of ultradian secretion. The transcriptional program induced by hormone pulses differs significantly from that generated by constant hormone treatment. Thus, treatment with synthetic glucocorticoids may not provide an accurate assessment of physiological hormone action.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/366glucocorticoid hormonesultradian rhythmtarget genestranscriptiondynamics |
| spellingShingle | V. M. Merkulov N. V. Klimova T. I. Merkulova The ultradian rhythm of glucocorticoid secretion and the time course of target gene regulation Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции glucocorticoid hormones ultradian rhythm target genes transcription dynamics |
| title | The ultradian rhythm of glucocorticoid secretion and the time course of target gene regulation |
| title_full | The ultradian rhythm of glucocorticoid secretion and the time course of target gene regulation |
| title_fullStr | The ultradian rhythm of glucocorticoid secretion and the time course of target gene regulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | The ultradian rhythm of glucocorticoid secretion and the time course of target gene regulation |
| title_short | The ultradian rhythm of glucocorticoid secretion and the time course of target gene regulation |
| title_sort | ultradian rhythm of glucocorticoid secretion and the time course of target gene regulation |
| topic | glucocorticoid hormones ultradian rhythm target genes transcription dynamics |
| url | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/366 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vmmerkulov theultradianrhythmofglucocorticoidsecretionandthetimecourseoftargetgeneregulation AT nvklimova theultradianrhythmofglucocorticoidsecretionandthetimecourseoftargetgeneregulation AT timerkulova theultradianrhythmofglucocorticoidsecretionandthetimecourseoftargetgeneregulation AT vmmerkulov ultradianrhythmofglucocorticoidsecretionandthetimecourseoftargetgeneregulation AT nvklimova ultradianrhythmofglucocorticoidsecretionandthetimecourseoftargetgeneregulation AT timerkulova ultradianrhythmofglucocorticoidsecretionandthetimecourseoftargetgeneregulation |